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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of interpreting a CTG graph?
What is the primary purpose of interpreting a CTG graph?
- To detect potential complications during pregnancy and labor (correct)
- To assess maternal uterine activity during pregnancy
- To determine the exact date of conception
- To monitor fetal development during the first trimester
What is the normal range for baseline FHR in a reactive CTG pattern?
What is the normal range for baseline FHR in a reactive CTG pattern?
- 100-130 bpm
- 110-160 bpm (correct)
- 150-200 bpm
- 120-180 bpm
What is a characteristic of uterine activity in a normal CTG pattern?
What is a characteristic of uterine activity in a normal CTG pattern?
- Complete absence of contractions
- Infrequent, low-intensity contractions
- Irregular, high-intensity contractions
- Regular, moderate-intensity contractions (correct)
What is a feature of a non-reactive FHR pattern?
What is a feature of a non-reactive FHR pattern?
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What does the FHR tracing component of a CTG graph record?
What does the FHR tracing component of a CTG graph record?
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Study Notes
CTG Graph Interpretation
Overview
- CTG (Cardiotocography) graph is a recording of fetal heart rate (FHR) and maternal uterine activity (UA) over time
- Interpreted to assess fetal well-being and detect potential complications during pregnancy and labor
Components of a CTG Graph
- Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) Tracing:
- Baseline FHR (average rate over 10 minutes)
- Variability (fluctuations in FHR)
- Accelerations (short-term increases in FHR)
- Decelerations (short-term decreases in FHR)
- Uterine Activity (UA) Tracing:
- Contractions (frequency, duration, intensity)
Normal CTG Patterns
- Reactive FHR Pattern:
- Baseline FHR: 110-160 bpm
- Variability: 5-25 bpm
- Accelerations: present
- Decelerations: absent or minimal
- Uterine Activity:
- Contractions: regular, moderate intensity
Abnormal CTG Patterns
- Non-Reactive FHR Pattern:
- Baseline FHR: abnormal (e.g., tachycardia, bradycardia)
- Variability: reduced (<5 bpm) or absent
- Accelerations: absent
- Decelerations: present or persistent
- Uterine Activity:
- Contractions: hyperactive, prolonged, or resting tone
CTG Interpretation Categories
- Normal:
- Reactive FHR pattern and normal UA
- Suspicious:
- Non-reactive FHR pattern or abnormal UA
- Pathological:
- Severe FHR abnormalities (e.g., prolonged decelerations, bradycardia) or abnormal UA (e.g., hyperstimulation)
Clinical Implications
- Normal CTG: reassuring of fetal well-being
- Abnormal CTG: may indicate fetal distress, hypoxia, or acidosis; requires further evaluation and potential intervention
CTG Graph Interpretation
Overview
- CTG graph records fetal heart rate (FHR) and maternal uterine activity (UA) over time to assess fetal well-being and detect potential complications during pregnancy and labor.
Components of a CTG Graph
Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) Tracing
- Baseline FHR: average rate over 10 minutes.
- Variability: fluctuations in FHR.
- Accelerations: short-term increases in FHR.
- Decelerations: short-term decreases in FHR.
Uterine Activity (UA) Tracing
- Contractions: frequency, duration, and intensity.
Normal CTG Patterns
Reactive FHR Pattern
- Baseline FHR: 110-160 bpm.
- Variability: 5-25 bpm.
- Accelerations: present.
- Decelerations: absent or minimal.
Uterine Activity
- Contractions: regular, moderate intensity.
Abnormal CTG Patterns
Non-Reactive FHR Pattern
- Baseline FHR: abnormal (e.g., tachycardia, bradycardia).
- Variability: reduced.
- Accelerations: absent or minimal.
- Decelerations: prolonged or repetitive.
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