CSY450 Pervasive Computing Lecture 6
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What is the primary concern regarding routing in ad hoc networks from a security perspective?

  • Ad hoc networks rely heavily on broadcasting, which makes them vulnerable to eavesdropping.
  • Routing protocols can be easily exploited to redirect traffic to malicious nodes.
  • Routing protocols in ad hoc networks are inherently inefficient and prone to errors.
  • The lack of a central authority makes it difficult to ensure the authenticity of routing information. (correct)

What is the central idea behind the 'man in the middle' attack in the context of ad hoc networks?

  • A malicious node attempts to overload the network by sending excessive data packets.
  • A malicious node uses network vulnerabilities to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized access.
  • A malicious node intercepts and modifies data between two legitimate nodes. (correct)
  • A malicious node tries to gain access to the network by impersonating a legitimate device.

Which of the following security risks are directly related to the use of pre-keying in ad hoc networks?

  • The vulnerability of pre-keying to traffic analysis attacks.
  • The need for frequent key updates to prevent key compromise. (correct)
  • The possibility of attackers exploiting known key weaknesses.
  • The difficulty of managing and distributing encryption keys. (correct)

How does 'traffic analysis' compromise the security of ad hoc networks even without decrypting data?

<p>By identifying patterns in communication to infer sensitive information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main vulnerability exploited in a 'buffer-overflow' attack?

<p>The lack of proper input validation leading to data overwriting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant security issue associated with ad hoc networks in comparison to traditional networks?

<p>The absence of a central authority for managing network security. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a security concern related to ad hoc networks?

<p>The reliance on centralized authentication servers for secure communication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a successful 'man in the middle' attack in an ad hoc network?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does data integrity ensure regarding the data received?

<p>Data has been sent without any alteration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes confidentiality?

<p>Data is protected so only intended recipients can access it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of nonrepudiation in electronic transactions?

<p>To ensure the sender cannot deny sending the data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common form of attack that poses a risk to system availability?

<p>Denial-of-service (DoS) attack. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which traditional security issue involves protecting data from unauthorized alteration or manipulation?

<p>Integrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional problem do mobile and wireless systems introduce to traditional security?

<p>Greater risk of data interception. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What security issue is characterized by unauthorized persons being able to block legitimate users from accessing resources?

<p>Availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern in terms of mobile and wireless security?

<p>Limited resources can complicate security measures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a DDoS attack from a DoS attack?

<p>DDoS attacks employ multiple machines. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attack is designed to flood a local network with replies?

<p>Smurf attack (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the exhaustion of battery resources entail?

<p>The battery is completely drained abruptly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following attacks sends oversized ping packets to crash systems?

<p>Ping of death (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might mobile users not want their wireless systems to be detected?

<p>For privacy and security reasons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of physical interception (packet sniffing) in wireless systems?

<p>It allows unauthorized reading of data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What problem arises from the detectability of wireless systems?

<p>It may result in unauthorized data access. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue does theft-of-service typically involve in a mobile context?

<p>Connecting to a stronger neighbor's wireless network. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

System Integrity

A system maintains its integrity by performing its intended functions flawlessly, without any unauthorized changes, intentional or accidental.

Data Integrity

Data integrity ensures the receiver can verify the data hasn't been modified and that fake data cannot be substituted.

Confidentiality

Confidentiality protects data access, ensuring only intended recipients can read it. It can be achieved through access controls or encryption.

Nonrepudiation

Nonrepudiation guarantees that the sender cannot deny sending the data. It's crucial for online transactions to prevent fraudulent claims.

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Availability

Availability ensures that a third party cannot block legitimate users from accessing a resource or service.

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Denial-of-Service Attack (DoS)

An intentional attack that overwhelms a system with traffic, preventing it from functioning normally.

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Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attack

A type of DoS attack where multiple systems flood a target with traffic, aiming to overwhelm it and cause a service disruption.

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Security Challenges in Mobile and Wireless Systems

Traditional security issues like integrity, confidentiality, nonrepudiation, and availability become more difficult to address in mobile and wireless environments.

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DDoS Attack

A type of attack that involves using a large number of computers (hundreds or more) to overwhelm the target system with traffic, causing it to become unavailable.

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SYN Flood Attack

An attack that floods the target computer with TCP connection requests (SYN packets), preventing it from accepting legitimate connections.

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Smurf Attack

An attack that sends a large number of ICMP packets to a broadcast address, causing the network to be flooded with replies.

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Ping of Death Attack

An attack that crashes target machines by sending ping packets larger than they can handle.

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Teardrop Attack

An attack that crashes machines that improperly handle fragmented TCP/IP packets by sending ones with overlapping IP fragments.

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Resource Depletion/Exhaustion

A security issue in mobile and wireless networks where the attacker exploits the limited resources of the mobile device, for example by draining its battery power.

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Physical Intercept (Packet Sniffing)

A security issue in mobile and wireless networks where the attacker can intercept data transmissions, as the signal is broadcast through the air.

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Theft of service

A security issue where a malicious user deceptively gains access to a network by exploiting the user's location and their ability to connect to a nearby network.

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Man-in-the-Middle Attack

A malicious node inserts itself between two communicating nodes, allowing it to eavesdrop on their conversation, modify data, or drop packets.

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Routing Spoofing

A type of security risk in ad hoc networks where a node pretends to be another node to gain unauthorized access.

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Resource Exhaustion Attack

An attack where a node overwhelms a key routing node with requests, preventing it from functioning properly.

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Key Management

The process of generating, distributing, storing, and revoking encryption keys for secure communication.

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Traffic Analysis

A technique attackers use to extract information from encrypted data by analyzing traffic patterns, such as message sizes and communication frequency.

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Buffer Overflow Attack

An attack that exploits a code vulnerability where input is accepted without proper length verification, potentially causing program crashes or allowing malicious code execution.

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Compromised Key

A situation where a fixed encryption key is compromised, making all future communication vulnerable.

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Public Key Encryption

A method of secure communication that avoids the need for a key exchange by using public key cryptography.

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Study Notes

CSY450. Pervasive Computing - Lecture 6: Security Issues

  • Lecture presented by Heba KH. Ahmed, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Computer Systems Department, Faculty of Computer & Information Science
  • Agenda items include Security, Traditional Security Issues, Mobile and Wireless Security Issues, and Ad Hoc Networks Security Issues

Traditional Security Issues

  • Integrity: System integrity means a system performs its intended function without unauthorized interference. Data integrity means data hasn't been altered after transmission.
  • Confidentiality: Only intended recipients can access data, secured through mechanisms like encryption.
  • Nonrepudiation: The sender cannot deny sending the data, vital for e-commerce.
  • Availability: Systems and resources should be accessible to authorized users. Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks interfere. Distributed DoS (DDoS) involves multiple machines flooding a target with traffic, causing unavailability.

Mobile and Wireless Security Issues

  • Detectability: Wireless signals are easily detectable; this is a concern for mobile device security.
    • Mobile users often don't want their systems identified.
  • Limited Resources: Mobile devices have limited processing power, storage, and battery life, impacting security measures.
  • Interception: Wireless transmissions are vulnerable to interception; encryption is essential.
  • Theft-of-service: A user might connect to a network mistakenly believing they are connecting to the desired network.

Ad Hoc Networks Security Issues

  • Networks established without a fixed infrastructure.
  • Data often passes through multiple intermediate devices.
  • Man-in-the-middle attacks: A malicious device can place itself in the path of communication and manipulate or eavesdrop on the exchange.
  • Routing issues: Spoofing (impersonation) is a risk. Key routing nodes can be disabled through resource-exhaustion attacks.
  • Pre-keying Management: Key creation, distribution, storage, and revocation require careful management to maintain secure encryption/authentication processes. Compromised keys should be replaced to prevent exposure. High cost protocols may not be suitable for many applications. Public key encryption can help avoid key exchange

Additional Common Attacks

  • Traffic analysis: Attackers can interpret data exchange even without decryption by analyzing data patterns. Examples include increased pizza deliveries to a location before a military action.
  • Buffer-overflow attacks: A program tries to put more data into a buffer than it was designed to hold and this data can alter or harm the system.

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This quiz focuses on security issues discussed in Lecture 6 of CSY450 Pervasive Computing. Topics include traditional security issues such as integrity, confidentiality, nonrepudiation, and availability, as well as mobile and wireless security concerns. Test your understanding of these critical concepts related to computer security!

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