CSS Basics: Introduction and Syntax

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Questions and Answers

What does the 'font-family' parameter in CSS specify?

The style of the text decorations for an HTML element.
The size of the font to be used.
The color of the text in an HTML element.
The types of fonts to be used for an HTML element. (correct)

When can comments be added in a CSS style file?

Using '/*' and '*/' symbols anywhere in the CSS code. (correct)
Within the values of CSS properties.
Anytime using the '#' symbol.
Only at the beginning of the file using the '/*' symbol.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a property to be practiced in CSS?

padding
border
margin (correct)
background-color

What is the purpose of using a CSS validator?

To check the CSS syntax for correctness. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should new style rules be written into according to the provided content?

A new CSS file. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does CSS stand for?

Cascading Style Sheets (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method of applying CSS allows styling directly within an HTML tag?

Inline (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which order does the browser apply CSS rules?

External, Internal, Inline (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a valid CSS selector type?

Simple (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many times can the same property appear in one declaration block?

As many as needed (A), Only once (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a selector category in CSS?

Pseudocode selectors (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for defining a CSS rule?

selector: { property: value; } (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a descendant selector, what does it target?

Any children of the element (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the child selector do in CSS?

Selects immediate children of a specified element (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which selector will match a paragraph that immediately follows an article?

article + p (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the general sibling combinator (~) do in CSS?

Matches a second element that follows the first element, regardless of immediate adjacency (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following properties will make the text of article headings red using a child selector?

article > h3 { color: red; } (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which selector will not match any elements?

article + red (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of CSS, what does 'color: red;' indicate?

The font color of the element will be red (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the adjacent sibling combinator require for it to work?

The first and second elements must share the same parent (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following selectors will select all paragraphs following an article, regardless of how many paragraphs there are?

article ~ p (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the universal selector (*) in CSS?

To apply the same style to all elements on a webpage. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which font class is recommended for better readability on printed documents?

Serif fonts. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the `:hover` pseudo-class affect in CSS links?

Alters the text-decoration. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which property is used to adjust the space between words in CSS?

word-spacing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if a CSS class is defined with both `color: grey;` and `color: blue;`?

The last defined color will take precedence. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What attribute would you use to create a numbered list that starts from a specific number?

start (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the `text-indent` property do in CSS?

Sets the left indentation of the text. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following CSS rules applies to visited links?

Modify the color (D) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

What is CSS?

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, which are used for styling HTML documents.
It consists of a set of rules that describe how elements in a web page should be displayed.

Application of CSS

CSS can be applied in three ways:
- Inline: Directly within an HTML element using the style attribute.
- Internal: Within a <style> tag inside the HTML document.
- External: Linked to an HTML file using an external CSS file with a .css extension.

CSS Syntax

The structure of CSS involves a selector followed by a declaration block:
selector { property: value; }
Multiple declarations are allowed within a single block, but each property must only appear once.

Selector Categories

Different types of selectors include:
- Simple Selectors: Targeting single elements (e.g., type, class, ID).
- Combinators: Define relationships between selectors (e.g., descendant, child, adjacent sibling).

Simple Selectors

Example: Targeting headings (h2, h3) and paragraphs (p) for specific styles.

Combinators

Descendant Selector

Targets elements that are nested within a specified ancestor element.

Direct Child Selector

Selects elements that are immediate children of a specified parent.

Adjacent Sibling Selector

Matches an element that is directly following another element within the same parent.

General Sibling Selector

Matches elements that follow another element, not necessarily immediately, within the same parent.

Class and ID Selectors

Classes are denoted with a dot (.) and are preferred for reuse; IDs are denoted with a hash (#) and should be unique.

Universal Selector

The universal selector (*) applies styles to all elements on a page.

List Properties

Properties for ordered and unordered lists include list-style-type, list-style-position, and list-style-image.

Link States

Link properties include different states: :link, :visited, :hover, and :active, each allowing specific style adjustments.

Text and Font Properties

Text properties include alignment, spacing, indentation, and color.
Font properties consist of family, size, style, weight, and transformation.

Fonts

Two main font categories:
- Serif: Includes fonts with serifs (e.g., Times New Roman, Georgia).
- Sans-serif: Fonts without serifs, which are easier to read on screens (e.g., Arial, Helvetica).

Comments in CSS

Comments can be added in CSS files using the format /* comment */.

CSS Validation

Use the W3C CSS Validator to ensure proper syntax in style sheets.

Practical Applications

Assign styles using different selector types on provided HTML and CSS files.
Use various properties such as background-color, padding, border, and list-style-type to practice CSS styling.

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