CS201 Final Quiz Chapters 19-42

CS201 Final Quizzes ch # 19 to 42 - Lecture # 19

tellg() Return Value: tellg() returns the current read position in a file.
Function for Moving File Pointer (Writing): seekp() is used to move the file pointer for writing operations.
Moving File Pointer Beyond End: When the file pointer is moved beyond the end of the file, it typically stays at the end of the file.
Moving File Pointer Backward: seekg(-10, ios::cur) moves the file pointer 10 bytes backward from the current position.
File Output: file.write(buffer, 100); writes 100 bytes from the buffer to the file.
Reading Single Character: file.get(ch); reads a single character from the file and stores it in ch.
Writing Single Character: file.put('A'); writes the character 'A' to the file.
get() Return Type: The return type of the get() function is char.
write() Function: The write() function writes binary data from a buffer to a file.
read() Function: The read() function reads raw binary data from a file into a buffer.
seekg() Parameter for Beginning: ios::beg is the argument in seekg() for movement relative to the beginning of the file.
tellg() and seekg() Combination: The combination of seekg() and tellg() can be used to determine the size of a file.
tellg() and File Length Output: If a file contains 150 bytes, file.seekg(0, ios::end); cout << file.tellg(); will output 150

CS201 Final Quizzes ch # 19 to 42 - Lecture # 20

Structure Declaration: struct MyStruct { int a; float b; }; declares a structure.
Structure Initialization: struct MyStruct s = {10, 20.5}; initializes a structure variable with values.
Accessing Structure Member with Pointer: structPtr->memberName is the correct way to access a structure member using a pointer.
Output of Structure Code: The output of the provided code snippet results in a output of "10 2.71".
Returning Structure from Function: A structure can be returned from a function using the structure type itself.
Passing Structure By Reference: void func(MyStruct& s); passes a structure as an argument by reference.
Output of Structure Array Code: The output of the given code will be "10 2.71"

CS201 Final Quizzes ch # 19 to 42 - Lecture # 21

Bitwise Operation 5 & 3: The result of 5 & 3 is 1.
Bitwise OR Operator: The OR operator (|) results in 1 if either of the two bits is 1.
Bitwise XOR Operator: The XOR operator (^) results in a 1 if the bits are different.
Bitwise NOT Operator: The NOT operator (~) inverts all the bits.
Bitwise Operation 5 ^ 3: The result of 5 ^ 3 is 6.
Left Shift Operation: The output of 4 << 2 is 16.
Right Shift Operation: The output of 16 >> 2 is 4.

CS201 Final Quizzes ch # 19 to 42 - Other Lectures

Headers in C++: Use #include <header.h> to include a header file.
Macros in C++: #define defines a constant or macro.
Preprocessor Directives For Including Files: Use the #include directive.
Correct Macro Syntax: #define ADD(x, y) (x + y) is the correct syntax to define a macro that adds two numbers.
Conditional Compilation: Use preprocessor directives like #ifndef and #endif.
Correct Syntax for Function Overloading: Use different parameter types or numbers.
Overloading the Pre-Increment Operator: Complex operator++(int) is the correct way to overload the post-increment operator.
Output for Overloaded function: The output of the given overloaded function call is "Integer: 5"
Overloaded Assignment Operator: Complex operator=(const Complex& c); is the correct syntax to overload the assignment operator.
Overloaded Insertion Operator: The overloaded insert operator returns ostream&. - Example in C++ for Dynamic Memory Allocation: new int[10]; allocates an array of 10 integers.
Function To deallocate memory (delete[]): Use delete[] arr; to deallocate dynamically allocated memory.
Class and Structures : A class may have an object of another class as its member (e.g. struct Rectangle { int x; int y; };struct Point{ int a; int b;};) .
Copy Constructor : A method that takes an object of the same class as the argument. The default copy constructor can lead to potential memory issues (e.g. if the class has pointers).
Deep Copy: Used to improve memory management in classes with dynamically allocated memory.
Methods: Methods are functions that belong or are part of a class, and that work with or on an object of that class.
Friend Operator: Designed to have access to private components of a class in another function (e.g. friend ostream & operator<< (ostream & out, Person &p)).
Static Member Declaration: static int count is a static data member in C++ that holds the shared variable.
Default Behavior: Default behavior of classes is a structure being initialized to default values.
Member Initializer List: The member initializer list is used to initialize members before the constructor body executes.