CS101 Final Term Review 2020
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Questions and Answers

What is the process known as debugging?

The process of identifying and correcting errors in a program.

What is a mnemonic?

A mnemonic is a system that uses easily remembered words or abbreviations to represent instructions or data.

What is an assembler?

An assembler is a program that converts mnemonic instructions into machine language instructions

What are the main disadvantages of assembly languages?

<p>Assembly languages are machine-dependent, meaning a program written for one type of computer might not work on another. Additionally, assembly languages require programmers to think in terms of small, incremental steps which can be tedious and error-prone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a translator program?

<p>A translator program converts high-level programming language instructions into machine language instructions that can be executed by a computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two of the most well-known early examples of third-generation programming languages?

<p>COBOL (A), FORTRAN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Third-generation programming languages are machine dependent.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of machine independence?

<p>The goal of machine independence is to create programming languages that can be used on any computer without modifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why machine independence is not fully achieved?

<p>The lack of agreement on the precise definition of a language and differences in how different computers handle input and output operations can hinder machine independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an interpreter?

<p>An interpreter translates and executes a program line by line, unlike a compiler which translates the entire program first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are formal languages?

<p>Formal languages are languages that are precisely defined by grammatical rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a programming paradigm?

<p>A programming paradigm is a fundamental style of computer programming that serves as a pattern or model for designing and implementing software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered to be programming paradigms?

<p>Object-Oriented (A), Imperative (B), Functional (C), Declarative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the imperative paradigm?

<p>The imperative paradigm, also known as the procedural paradigm, focuses on defining a sequence of commands that manipulate data to produce a desired outcome. It emphasizes how to solve a problem rather than what the problem is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional paradigm?

<p>The functional paradigm views a program as a series of functions that take inputs and produce outputs. It emphasizes a high level of abstraction and modularity, focusing on building programs from smaller, reusable functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the object-oriented paradigm?

<p>The object-oriented paradigm views software systems as collections of objects that encapsulate data and methods that operate on that data. It encourages modularity, code reusability, and data hiding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of software engineering?

<p>The goal of software engineering is to find principles that guide the development of efficient, reliable software products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major steps in the traditional software development life cycle?

<p>The major steps in the traditional software development life cycle are requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are CASE tools?

<p>CASE tools are computerized systems designed to assist in various aspects of software development, including project planning, management, documentation, prototyping, and simulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of software documentation?

<p>The three main types of software documentation are user documentation, system documentation, and technical documentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of user documentation?

<p>The purpose of user documentation is to guide users on how to use the software effectively, describing its features and functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of technical documentation?

<p>Technical documentation provides instructions on how to install, operate, and maintain the software, as well as troubleshoot potential problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of human-machine interface design?

<p>The primary goal of human-machine interface design is to create a user-friendly and intuitive interaction with the software system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the key human characteristics that must be considered in human-machine interface design?

<p>Some of the key human characteristics include limited attention span, cognitive limitations, and the need for clear and consistent communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main categories of intellectual property rights?

<p>The main categories of intellectual property rights include copyrights, patents, and trademarks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a copyright?

<p>A copyright grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and modify their work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a patent?

<p>A patent grants an inventor exclusive rights to make, use, and sell their invention for a limited period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a software license?

<p>A software license is a legal agreement that grants users permission to use a software product under certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a design pattern?

<p>A design pattern is a pre-defined solution for a recurring problem in software design, offering proven approaches and guidelines for addressing common challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the adapter pattern?

<p>The adapter pattern enables the integration of existing code or components that have incompatible interfaces by creating an intermediary adapter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the decorator pattern?

<p>The decorator pattern allows for the dynamic addition of functionality to an existing object without altering its core structure. It provides a way to extend or enhance the behavior of an object at runtime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the front controller pattern?

<p>The front controller pattern centralizes the handling of user requests, providing a single entry point for all interactions with the application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would you use a shopping cart design pattern?

<p>The shopping cart design pattern is useful for applications where users are able to add multiple items to a cart, manage their selections, and proceed with a purchase when ready.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pareto Principle?

<p>The Pareto Principle, often referred to as the 80/20 rule, states that a significant portion of results or impacts are often caused by a relatively small percentage of factors or efforts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main types of software testing?

<p>Acceptance testing (A), Black-box testing (C), White-box testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is black-box testing?

<p>Black-box testing focuses on the external functionality of a software system, without considering its internal structure or code. It simulates how a user would interact with the software system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is acceptance testing?

<p>Acceptance testing is a final step in the software testing process, where the software is evaluated by the intended users to ensure that it meets their requirements and expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of software documentation?

<p>Software documentation plays a crucial role in guiding users on how to use the software, aiding developers in understanding its internal structure, and providing information for maintenance and future enhancement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Software documentation is a crucial component for software development.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of human-machine interaction analysis?

<p>Human-machine interaction analysis aims to create a user-friendly and effective software interface by considering human cognitive abilities, limitations, and preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main disciplines that inform human-machine interaction analysis?

<p>The main disciplines that inform human-machine interaction analysis are ergonomics and cognitive science.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Machine Language

A system where computer instructions are encoded in numeric digits.

Assembly Language

A notational system using mnemonics to represent computer instructions.

Mnemonic

A memory aid or a symbolic name for an instruction or data.

Debugging

The process of finding and fixing errors in a program.

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Assembler

A program that translates mnemonic code into machine language.

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Program Variables (Identifiers)

Descriptive names that represent memory locations in a program.

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High-Level Languages

Programming languages that are closer to human language, abstracting away from machine instructions.

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Second-Generation Languages

Assembly languages – a step closer to human-readable programming from machine languages.

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Machine Dependence

Assembly language programs are tied to the specific architecture of the computer they were written for.

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Low-Level Primitives

The basic operations understood directly by a computer's hardware; assembly code manipulates these.

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Instruction Set

The complete set of instructions a particular computer can execute.

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Register

A small, fast memory location within a computer's CPU.

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LD

Assembly instruction for loading a value into a register.

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ADDI

Assembly instruction that adds a register with a number or data in memory.

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ST

Assembly instruction for storing a value into a memory location.

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HLT

Assembly instruction to terminate program execution.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Computing

  • CS101 Final Term Highlighted Handouts
  • Syllabus is for 2020
  • Notes compiled by Waqas Ejaz
  • Video lectures available on VU Supreme Taleem YouTube Channel
  • VU group chat link provided

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CS101 Final Term Highlighted Handouts PDF

Description

Prepare for your CS101 final exam with these highlighted handouts compiled by Waqas Ejaz. The notes cover essential topics from the syllabus for 2020 and are supported by video lectures available on the VU Supreme Taleem YouTube Channel. Join the VU group chat for additional resources and support.

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