Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which characteristic distinguishes a stack from a queue?
Which characteristic distinguishes a stack from a queue?
- Stacks utilize LIFO (Last-In-First-Out) ordering, while queues use FIFO (First-In-First-Out). (correct)
- Stacks utilize FIFO (First-In-First-Out) ordering, while queues use LIFO (Last-In-First-Out).
- Stacks can only be implemented with linked lists, while queues are implemented with arrays.
- Stacks are unbounded in size, while queues have a fixed size limit.
In the context of data structures, what is the primary advantage of using a circular queue implemented with arrays?
In the context of data structures, what is the primary advantage of using a circular queue implemented with arrays?
- It provides faster access to elements compared to linear queues.
- It eliminates the need for shifting elements when dequeuing. (correct)
- It allows for dynamic resizing of the queue.
- It simplifies the implementation of priority queues.
What is the primary purpose of using stacks in the evaluation of postfix expressions?
What is the primary purpose of using stacks in the evaluation of postfix expressions?
- To store the operators in the expression.
- To temporarily store operands and compute intermediate results. (correct)
- To keep track of the precedence of operators.
- To convert the postfix expression into an infix expression.
Consider a class LinkedList templated on type T. Which of the following scenarios would most benefit from using a template?
Consider a class LinkedList templated on type T. Which of the following scenarios would most benefit from using a template?
What is a key advantage of defining an overloaded operator directly within a class as opposed to defining it as an external function?
What is a key advantage of defining an overloaded operator directly within a class as opposed to defining it as an external function?
What is the role of the Standard Template Library (STL) in C++?
What is the role of the Standard Template Library (STL) in C++?
In the context of binary search trees (BSTs), which of the following statements is always true regarding the relationship between a node and its descendants?
In the context of binary search trees (BSTs), which of the following statements is always true regarding the relationship between a node and its descendants?
Which tree traversal algorithm visits the root node after visiting the left and right subtrees?
Which tree traversal algorithm visits the root node after visiting the left and right subtrees?
Which of the following is a direct implication of a binary search tree being 'balanced'?
Which of the following is a direct implication of a binary search tree being 'balanced'?
What is the primary factor that determines whether a binary tree is a valid Binary Search Tree (BST)?
What is the primary factor that determines whether a binary tree is a valid Binary Search Tree (BST)?
Which data structure is most suitable for implementing a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) behavior?
Which data structure is most suitable for implementing a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) behavior?
In a queue implemented using an array, what happens when the tail reaches the end of the array?
In a queue implemented using an array, what happens when the tail reaches the end of the array?
Given a postfix expression 5 2 + 3 *, what is the correct order of operations when evaluating it using a stack?
Given a postfix expression 5 2 + 3 *, what is the correct order of operations when evaluating it using a stack?
What is the primary benefit of using templates in C++ when creating a data structure like a linked list?
What is the primary benefit of using templates in C++ when creating a data structure like a linked list?
Why might you choose to overload an operator as a member function of a class rather than as a standalone function?
Why might you choose to overload an operator as a member function of a class rather than as a standalone function?
Which of the following is NOT a standard container provided by the C++ Standard Template Library (STL)?
Which of the following is NOT a standard container provided by the C++ Standard Template Library (STL)?
In the context of trees, what distinguishes a 'leaf node' from other types of nodes?
In the context of trees, what distinguishes a 'leaf node' from other types of nodes?
What is the 'depth' of a node in a tree data structure?
What is the 'depth' of a node in a tree data structure?
In a binary search tree (BST), which traversal method would typically output the nodes in ascending order?
In a binary search tree (BST), which traversal method would typically output the nodes in ascending order?
When deleting a node with two children from a binary search tree, a common approach is to replace it with its inorder successor or predecessor. What is the primary goal of this replacement?
When deleting a node with two children from a binary search tree, a common approach is to replace it with its inorder successor or predecessor. What is the primary goal of this replacement?
Flashcards
What is a Stack?
What is a Stack?
A data structure where the last element added is the first one removed (Last In, First Out).
What is a Queue?
What is a Queue?
A data structure where the first element added is the first one removed (First In, First Out).
What is LIFO?
What is LIFO?
Stacks use this ordering; the last element added is the first one removed.
What is FIFO?
What is FIFO?
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What is a Circular Queue?
What is a Circular Queue?
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Reverse Polish Notation (RPN)
Reverse Polish Notation (RPN)
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What are Templates?
What are Templates?
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What is the Standard Template Library (STL)?
What is the Standard Template Library (STL)?
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What is a Binary Tree?
What is a Binary Tree?
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What is a Binary Search Tree (BST)?
What is a Binary Search Tree (BST)?
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What is the Root of a Tree?
What is the Root of a Tree?
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What is a Leaf Node?
What is a Leaf Node?
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What is a Child Node?
What is a Child Node?
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What is a Parent Node?
What is a Parent Node?
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What is a Path to a Node?
What is a Path to a Node?
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What is the Depth of a Node?
What is the Depth of a Node?
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What is the Height of a Tree?
What is the Height of a Tree?
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What is an Ancestor of a Node?
What is an Ancestor of a Node?
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What is a Descendant of a Node?
What is a Descendant of a Node?
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Study Notes
- The document is a study guide for Midterm 2 of CS 2: Introduction to Data Structures.
Stacks and Queues
- Stacks and queues are ADTs (Abstract Data Types).
- Stacks use LIFO (Last In, First Out) ordering.
- Queues use FIFO (First In, First Out) ordering.
- Understand circular queue implementations using arrays.
- Reverse Polish Notation (postfix) can be evaluated using stacks.
Templates
- Overloaded operators in C++ classes are used to define custom behavior for operators when applied to objects of the class.
- The syntax for adding an overloaded operator to a C++ class involves defining a function with the
operatorkeyword followed by the operator symbol. - Adding the operator directly to the class allows it to access private data members, which is not possible for functions outside the class.
- Templates enable writing generic code that can work with different data types.
- The Standard Template Library (STL) provides pre-built template classes like vector, stack, queue, map, and set.
Trees
- Know the terms related to trees: binary search tree, root, leaf, child node, parent node, path, length of a path, ancestors, descendants, depth, and height.
- Know the different types of trees: binary tree, subtree, full binary tree, balanced tree, and binary search tree (BST).
- Know how the following algorithms work and how to implement them:
- Traversal through a tree using pre-order, in-order, post-order, and level-order traversals.
- Determine if a tree is a legal BST.
- Search for an item in a BST.
- Adding a node to a BST/ Delete a node from a BST
- Understand the benefits of balanced BST.
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