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Questions and Answers
What is a pointer variable?
What is a pointer variable?
A variable whose content is a memory address.
The character * describes a pointer variable. Which of the following statements is true?
The character * describes a pointer variable. Which of the following statements is true?
- int *p, q; - p is a pointer variable, q is not.
- int *p, *q; - p and q are both pointer variables.
- Both A and B are correct. (correct)
- None of the above.
What is the address of operator (&)?
What is the address of operator (&)?
A unary operator that returns the address of its operand.
What does the dereferencing operator (or indirection operator) do when used as a unary operator?
What does the dereferencing operator (or indirection operator) do when used as a unary operator?
In C++, pointer variables are declared using the reserved word pointer.
In C++, pointer variables are declared using the reserved word pointer.
In the declaration int* p, q; both p and q are pointer variables.
In the declaration int* p, q; both p and q are pointer variables.
In C++, you declare a pointer variable by using the ____ symbol.
In C++, you declare a pointer variable by using the ____ symbol.
Int*p; declares p to be a(n) ____ variable.
Int*p; declares p to be a(n) ____ variable.
In C++, the member access operator arrow is >>.
In C++, the member access operator arrow is >>.
Variables that are created during program execution are called ______________.
Variables that are created during program execution are called ______________.
The C++ operator ____ is used to create dynamic variables.
The C++ operator ____ is used to create dynamic variables.
What is a memory leak?
What is a memory leak?
A memory leak is an unused memory space that cannot be allocated.
A memory leak is an unused memory space that cannot be allocated.
The C++ operator ____ is used to destroy dynamic variables.
The C++ operator ____ is used to destroy dynamic variables.
What is assignment in relation to pointer variables?
What is assignment in relation to pointer variables?
Which of the following operations is allowed on pointer variables?
Which of the following operations is allowed on pointer variables?
Which of the following arithmetic operations is allowed on pointer variables?
Which of the following arithmetic operations is allowed on pointer variables?
If p is a pointer variable, the statement p = p + 1; is valid in C++.
If p is a pointer variable, the statement p = p + 1; is valid in C++.
Given the statement double*p;, the statement p++; will increment the value of p by ____ byte(s).
Given the statement double*p;, the statement p++; will increment the value of p by ____ byte(s).
What is the value of x after the following statements execute? int x = 25; int *p; p = &x; *p = 46;
What is the value of x after the following statements execute? int x = 25; int *p; p = &x; *p = 46;
What is a dynamic array?
What is a dynamic array?
Given the declaration int *a;, the statement a = new int; dynamically allocates an array of 50 components of the type ____.
Given the declaration int *a;, the statement a = new int; dynamically allocates an array of 50 components of the type ____.
An array created during the execution of a program is called a(n) ____ array.
An array created during the execution of a program is called a(n) ____ array.
Pointer variable can be passed as a parameter either by _________ or by reference.
Pointer variable can be passed as a parameter either by _________ or by reference.
A function can _______ a value of type pointer.
A function can _______ a value of type pointer.
What is a shallow copy?
What is a shallow copy?
What is a deep copy?
What is a deep copy?
In a ____ copy, two or more pointers of the same type point to the same memory.
In a ____ copy, two or more pointers of the same type point to the same memory.
In a ____ copy, two or more pointers have their own data.
In a ____ copy, two or more pointers have their own data.
A class ____ automatically executes whenever a class object goes out of scope.
A class ____ automatically executes whenever a class object goes out of scope.
What is a copy constructor?
What is a copy constructor?
Study Notes
Pointers
- A pointer variable holds the memory address of another variable.
- Declaring pointer variables uses the
*symbol; for example,int *pdeclarespas a pointer to an integer. - The address of operator
&retrieves the memory address of its operand. - The dereferencing operator
*accesses the value at the memory address stored in a pointer.
Memory Management
- Dynamic variables are created during program execution and can utilize the
newoperator for allocation and thedeleteoperator for destruction. - Memory leak occurs when allocated memory is no longer accessible, preventing reallocation.
- Unused memory space that cannot be allocated signifies a memory leak.
Pointer Operations
- Pointer assignments allow values of one pointer variable to be assigned to another of the same type.
- Pointer arithmetic, including operations like incrementing a pointer (
p++), adjusts addresses based on the type pointed to (e.g.,double*pincrements by 8 bytes). - Valid operations on pointers include equality comparison (
==) and incrementing.
Dynamic Arrays
- Dynamic arrays are arrays allocated during program execution.
- Allocation of a dynamic array can be performed using
new, such asa = new int.
Copies
- A shallow copy allows multiple pointers to reference the same memory location, while a deep copy creates independent copies of the pointed data.
- Deep copy involves duplicating the contents of the memory to another pointer's location, ensuring both pointers maintain separate copies.
Classes & Object Lifecycle
- A destructor is a class member function that executes automatically when an object goes out of scope, facilitating resource deallocation.
- A copy constructor is a constructor that creates a new object as a copy of an existing object from the same class.
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Description
Test your knowledge on pointers, classes, and virtual functions with these flashcards from C.S. 150 Chapter 12. Each card provides a term and its definition, helping you grasp key concepts essential for understanding memory management and object-oriented programming.
