16 Questions
What is a crystalline material?
A material with a periodic array of atoms over large distances
How do pure and undeformed magnesium and beryllium behave compared to pure and undeformed gold and silver?
They are more brittle due to their crystal structure
What significant property differences exist between crystalline and noncrystalline materials?
Transparency and opacity
Under what conditions do metals, ceramic materials, and certain polymers form crystalline structures?
Normal solidification conditions
What kind of bond exists in crystalline materials?
Each atom is bonded to its nearest-neighbor atoms
What is the direct relationship between the properties of some materials and their crystal structures?
The properties are directly related to their crystal structures
What is the term used to describe materials that do not have long-range atomic order?
Amorphous
In the context of crystal structures, what does the term 'lattice' refer to?
A three-dimensional array of points coinciding with atom positions
What term is used to describe the small repeat entities into which crystal structures are often subdivided?
Unit cells
What is the basic structural unit or building block of the crystal structure?
Unit cell
Which type of materials are discussed briefly at the end of the chapter due to their noncrystalline or amorphous nature?
Amorphous materials
What does the atomic hard-sphere model consider atoms (or ions) to be?
Solid spheres having well-defined diameters
In a crystal structure, what does the atomic order indicate about small groups of atoms?
They form a repetitive pattern
What is chosen to represent the symmetry of a crystal structure?
Unit cell
What type of arrangement is used to represent nearest-neighbor atoms in the atomic hard-sphere model?
'Spheres touching one another'
What kind of entities are unit cells in the context of crystal structures?
'Small repeat entities'
Test your knowledge about the classification of solid materials based on the regularity of atom or ion arrangements, and their relation to crystal structures and properties. Explore the concepts of long-range order and atomic positioning in crystalline materials.
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