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Questions and Answers
Which type of encryption is the affine cipher?
Which type of encryption is the affine cipher?
- Shift cipher
- Symmetric encryption
- Transposition cipher
- Asymmetric encryption (correct)
What is the purpose of the salts in password storage?
What is the purpose of the salts in password storage?
- To generate the hash of the password
- To speed up the efficiency of the dictionary attacks
- To slow down the efficiency of the dictionary attacks (correct)
- To store the password securely
What is the key generation algorithm of a transposition cipher?
What is the key generation algorithm of a transposition cipher?
- Generating a random permutation bit by bit
- Using the same permutation as the encryption algorithm
- Applying the permutation to the whole alphabet
- Generating all permutations of (1,...,n) where n is the length of a block (correct)
What is the purpose of the Message Authentication Code?
What is the purpose of the Message Authentication Code?
What is the notion of authentication?
What is the notion of authentication?
What is the input of the asymmetric key generation algorithm?
What is the input of the asymmetric key generation algorithm?
What type of cipher is the affine cipher a special case of?
What type of cipher is the affine cipher a special case of?
What type of attacks is slowed down by applying salts in password storage?
What type of attacks is slowed down by applying salts in password storage?
What is the size of the key space for transposition ciphers?
What is the size of the key space for transposition ciphers?
Is it proven that the RSA problem is as hard as prime factorization?
Is it proven that the RSA problem is as hard as prime factorization?
What is secret in the RSA algorithm?
What is secret in the RSA algorithm?
What is the role of the PKI Registration Authority?
What is the role of the PKI Registration Authority?
Which statement is true about message authentication codes?
Which statement is true about message authentication codes?
What is the role of the PKI Certificate Authority?
What is the role of the PKI Certificate Authority?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the textbook RSA encryption scheme?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the textbook RSA encryption scheme?
What is the size of the typical RSA modulus today?
What is the size of the typical RSA modulus today?
What is the main goal of digital certificates?
What is the main goal of digital certificates?
What is the purpose of Risk Analysis?
What is the purpose of Risk Analysis?
What type of attack involves sending a message back to the sender?
What type of attack involves sending a message back to the sender?
What does a valid message authentication code prove?
What does a valid message authentication code prove?
What type of cipher is an affine cipher?
What type of cipher is an affine cipher?
Which type of encryption algorithm is used in RSA?
Which type of encryption algorithm is used in RSA?
What is the purpose of message authentication codes?
What is the purpose of message authentication codes?
What is the purpose of administrative control?
What is the purpose of administrative control?
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Study Notes
Transposition Ciphers
- Apply permutations taken over the whole alphabet
- Key generation algorithm generates all permutations of (1,…,n), where n is the length of a block
- Key space size is n!, where n is the length of a block
RSA Algorithm
- RSA problem is not proven to be as hard as prime factorization
- Modular exponentiation, where the modulus is the product of two large primes with equal size, is a one-way function
- Calculating the RSA decryption exponent out of the public key is as hard as factoring the modulus
- Secret in case of the RSA algorithm: decryption exponent that is relatively prime to phi(n), where n is a modulus
RSA Key Generation
- Input of asymmetric key generation algorithm: security parameter
PKI
- Registration Authority: authenticating users, storing the revocation list
- Certificate Authority: revoking certificates, generating key pairs, signing certificates, registering certificate requests
Message Authentication Codes
- Suitable for entity authentication
- Valid message authentication code proves the integrity of the messages and non-repudiation of the messages
- Not suitable for providing confidentiality
Affine Cipher
- Decryption key calculation: Extended Euclidean Algorithm might be applied
- Asymmetric encryption, with different encryption and decryption keys
- Special case of the shift ciphers
Ransomware
- Saves files and returns them after receiving the ransom
- Locks you out of your computer
Chernobyl Virus
- Deletes data
Authentication
- Notion of authentication: data is not altered in an unauthorized manner, encompasses identity verification, message origin integrity, and message content integrity
Message Authentication Code
- Used to verify the integrity of the data and the rightness of the data
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