Cryptography Quiz: Transposition Ciphers and RSA
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Questions and Answers

Which type of encryption is the affine cipher?

  • Shift cipher
  • Symmetric encryption
  • Transposition cipher
  • Asymmetric encryption (correct)
  • What is the purpose of the salts in password storage?

  • To generate the hash of the password
  • To speed up the efficiency of the dictionary attacks
  • To slow down the efficiency of the dictionary attacks (correct)
  • To store the password securely
  • What is the key generation algorithm of a transposition cipher?

  • Generating a random permutation bit by bit
  • Using the same permutation as the encryption algorithm
  • Applying the permutation to the whole alphabet
  • Generating all permutations of (1,...,n) where n is the length of a block (correct)
  • What is the purpose of the Message Authentication Code?

    <p>To verify the integrity of the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the notion of authentication?

    <p>Encompasses identity verification, message origin integrity and message content integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the input of the asymmetric key generation algorithm?

    <p>Security parameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cipher is the affine cipher a special case of?

    <p>Shift cipher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attacks is slowed down by applying salts in password storage?

    <p>Dictionary attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the key space for transposition ciphers?

    <p>n!</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it proven that the RSA problem is as hard as prime factorization?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is secret in the RSA algorithm?

    <p>decryption exponent that is relatively prime to phi(n), where n is a modulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the PKI Registration Authority?

    <p>Authenticating users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about message authentication codes?

    <p>They prove the integrity of the messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the PKI Certificate Authority?

    <p>Signing certificates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the textbook RSA encryption scheme?

    <p>It has been successfully attacked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the typical RSA modulus today?

    <p>4096 bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of digital certificates?

    <p>To bind the owner with their public key</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Risk Analysis?

    <p>To identify what to protect, whom, and define risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack involves sending a message back to the sender?

    <p>Replay attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a valid message authentication code prove?

    <p>Integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cipher is an affine cipher?

    <p>Substitution cipher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of encryption algorithm is used in RSA?

    <p>Asymmetric encryption algorithm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of message authentication codes?

    <p>To ensure integrity and authenticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administrative control?

    <p>To define security policies and procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transposition Ciphers

    • Apply permutations taken over the whole alphabet
    • Key generation algorithm generates all permutations of (1,…,n), where n is the length of a block
    • Key space size is n!, where n is the length of a block

    RSA Algorithm

    • RSA problem is not proven to be as hard as prime factorization
    • Modular exponentiation, where the modulus is the product of two large primes with equal size, is a one-way function
    • Calculating the RSA decryption exponent out of the public key is as hard as factoring the modulus
    • Secret in case of the RSA algorithm: decryption exponent that is relatively prime to phi(n), where n is a modulus

    RSA Key Generation

    • Input of asymmetric key generation algorithm: security parameter

    PKI

    • Registration Authority: authenticating users, storing the revocation list
    • Certificate Authority: revoking certificates, generating key pairs, signing certificates, registering certificate requests

    Message Authentication Codes

    • Suitable for entity authentication
    • Valid message authentication code proves the integrity of the messages and non-repudiation of the messages
    • Not suitable for providing confidentiality

    Affine Cipher

    • Decryption key calculation: Extended Euclidean Algorithm might be applied
    • Asymmetric encryption, with different encryption and decryption keys
    • Special case of the shift ciphers

    Ransomware

    • Saves files and returns them after receiving the ransom
    • Locks you out of your computer

    Chernobyl Virus

    • Deletes data

    Authentication

    • Notion of authentication: data is not altered in an unauthorized manner, encompasses identity verification, message origin integrity, and message content integrity

    Message Authentication Code

    • Used to verify the integrity of the data and the rightness of the data

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of transposition ciphers, key generation, and the relationship between the RSA problem and prime factorization.

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