Crural Region Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the Great saphenous vein?

  • A small vein
  • An artery
  • A muscle
  • A major vein in the leg (correct)

    • What is the venous anastomosis between small and great saphenous veins?

  • An artery
  • A muscle
  • A tendon
  • A connection point (correct)

    • What is the Medial malleolus?

  • A bony prominence on the inner ankle (correct)
  • A vein
  • An artery
  • A muscle

    • What is the Popliteal fossa?

    <p>The hollow at the back of the knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the head of fibula?

    <p>The head of the fibula is located at the proximal end near the knee joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Lateral sural cutaneous nerve?

    <p>A nerve that supplies sensation to the lateral side of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Small saphenous vein?

    <p>A vein on the posterior side of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Sural nerve?

    <p>A nerve that supplies sensation to the posterior calf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Calcaneal tendon?

    <p>A tendon that connects calf muscles to the heel bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Lateral malleolus?

    <p>A bony prominence on the outer ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Semitendinosus muscle?

    <p>A muscle in the posterior thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Medial head of gastrocnemius muscle?

    <p>A muscle in the calf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Saphenous nerve?

    <p>A nerve that supplies sensation to the medial side of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Common peroneal nerve?

    <p>A nerve that supplies the lateral compartment of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Medial sural cutaneous nerve?

    <p>A nerve that supplies the skin of the calf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Perforating veins?

    <p>Veins that connect superficial veins to deep veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Tibial nerve?

    <p>Supplies muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Popliteal vein?

    <p>Drains blood from the knee and lower leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Popliteal artery?

    <p>Supplies blood to the knee and lower leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Sural arteries?

    <p>Supplying blood to the calf region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Soleus muscle?

    <p>Plays a key role in walking and standing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Tibialis posterior muscle?

    <p>Plays a role in foot inversion and arch support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Anterior tibial artery?

    <p>Supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Great Saphenous Vein

    • Major superficial vein in the leg, running along the inner side from the foot to the groin.
    • Drains into the femoral vein and plays a role in venous return.

    Small Saphenous Vein

    • Runs along the outer side of the leg and drains into the popliteal vein behind the knee.
    • Provides an alternative pathway for venous return.

    Venous Anastomosis

    • Connects the small and great saphenous veins.
    • Important for collateral circulation, particularly when one vein is obstructed.

    Medial Malleolus

    • Bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle.
    • Serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons, impacting movement stability.

    Lateral Malleolus

    • Bony prominence on the outer side of the ankle.
    • Critical for ankle joint function and balance.

    Popliteal Fossa

    • Shallow depression located at the back of the knee.
    • Contains important neurovascular structures such as the popliteal artery and vein.

    Sural Nerve

    • Formed from contributions of the tibial and common peroneal nerves.
    • Provides sensation to the posterior aspect of the leg and lateral side of the foot.

    Lateral Sural Cutaneous Nerve

    • Branch of the common peroneal nerve.
    • Supplies sensation to the skin over the lateral aspect of the calf.

    Calcaneal Tendon

    • Commonly known as the Achilles tendon.
    • Attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone, essential for walking and running.

    Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus Muscles

    • Both are part of the hamstring group, located at the back of the thigh.
    • Involved in knee flexion and hip extension.

    Gastrocnemius Muscle

    • Comprises two heads (medial and lateral) and is a key muscle for plantarflexion.
    • Functional in activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

    Tibial Nerve

    • A major nerve in the leg that branches off from the sciatic nerve.
    • Innervates muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg and provides sensory innervation.

    Common Peroneal Nerve

    • Branches from the sciatic nerve and wraps around the fibula.
    • Divides into superficial and deep branches, supplying the lateral compartment and anterior compartment of the leg.

    Perforating Veins

    • Connect superficial veins to deep veins, facilitating blood flow between these systems.
    • Important for preventing venous reflux in the lower limbs.

    Dorsal Venous Arch

    • Formed by superficial veins on the dorsum of the foot.
    • Functions in draining blood from the foot to the saphenous veins.

    Flexor Retinaculum

    • A fibrous band on the inner side of the ankle.
    • Holds down tendons of the flexor muscles, maintaining their position during movement.

    Plantaris Muscle

    • A small muscle located in the posterior compartment of the leg.
    • Contributes to plantar flexion and knee flexion, though often considered a vestigial structure.

    Tibialis Posterior Muscle

    • Important for foot inversion and maintaining the medial arch of the foot.
    • A deep muscle with significant roles in balance and movement.

    Anterior Tibial Artery

    • A branch of the popliteal artery, supplying the anterior compartment of the leg.
    • Facilitates blood flow to the muscles responsible for dorsiflexion.

    Flexor Digitorum Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscles

    • Involved in flexing the toes and great toe, respectively.
    • Play critical roles in gripping and balance during walking and running.

    Intermediate Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve and Medial Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve

    • Branches of the superficial peroneal nerve.
    • Responsible for providing sensory innervation to the dorsum of the foot.

    Communicating Branch of Peroneal Artery

    • Connects branches of peroneal artery with anterior tibial artery.
    • Ensures adequate blood supply to the lateral aspect of the leg.

    Fibula

    • The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, acting mainly as a site for muscle attachment.
    • Essential for ankle stability but bears minimal weight.

    Tendon of Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle

    • Enables extension of the big toe, important in the final phase of the walking cycle.
    • Located in the anterior compartment of the leg.

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    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the crural region with these flashcards. Each card features key terms including veins, bones, and nerves essential for understanding this area of the human body. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.

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