1_3_2 Section 1 – Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities - 1.3 – Application Attacks - Cross-site Scripting
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Questions and Answers

What is cross-site scripting often abbreviated as?

  • XST
  • CSS
  • XSS (correct)
  • XTS

    • Why is cross-site scripting referred to as 'cross-site'?

  • It allows websites to share user input fields
  • It enables websites to communicate with each other directly
  • Due to the sharing of information between different websites (correct)
  • Because it involves sharing style information across websites

    • What is a major concern with cross-site scripting for web-based applications?

  • Displaying incorrect style sheets
  • Slow website performance
  • Excessive browser caching issues
  • Information leakage to attackers (correct)

    • Which scripting language is commonly exploited in cross-site scripting attacks?

    <p>JavaScript</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a non-persistent cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>It is also known as a reflected attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is preventing cross-site scripting important for developers of web-based applications?

    <p>To safeguard user data and prevent potential exploits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of link does the attacker need the victim to click in a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>A specially-crafted link with malicious scripts embedded within</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an attacker encourage the victim to click the malicious link in a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>By using social engineering tactics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information can an attacker gather from a victim's machine in a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>User credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue did the individual face with the login token and session ID?

    <p>The token never expired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of embedding malicious scripts in a reflected cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>To steal session IDs and personal information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How could an attacker gain access to a user's account details on the Subaru website?

    <p>By gaining access to the authentication token</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a stored cross-site scripting attack differ from a reflective one?

    <p>It affects anyone visiting the infected page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a stored cross-site scripting attack, where is the malicious script typically embedded?

    <p>Within messages or forum posts on websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vulnerability did the Subaru website have in one of its input fields?

    <p>Cross-site scripting vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when someone interacts with a page infected by a stored cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>They unknowingly run the malicious script on their local machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text advise against clicking links in emails?

    <p>To prevent malware from being downloaded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Aaron Guzman discover a vulnerability on the Subaru website in June 2017?

    <p>By accident while browsing the website</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as a practical alternative to disabling JavaScript entirely?

    <p>Installing a browser extension or security tool for JavaScript management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For developers, what practice is recommended to prevent cross-site scripting vulnerabilities on their websites?

    <p>Validating all fields on the website</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information was given to Aaron Guzman when he logged into the Subaru website?

    <p>Session information and a token</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence if an attacker gains access to session ID information?

    <p>Ability to authenticate as the victim on websites without credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cross-site scripting commonly abbreviated as?

    <p>XSS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for developers to prevent cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in web-based applications?

    <p>To prevent attackers from gathering user information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vulnerability is a non-persistent or reflected cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>Persistent cross-site scripting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scripting language is commonly exploited in cross-site scripting attacks?

    <p>JavaScript</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the original association made that led to the naming of cross-site scripting?

    <p>In browser vulnerabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes JavaScript an important tool for both legitimate and malicious purposes in web browsing?

    <p>Its potential for automation and added functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of the login token never expiring for the user?

    <p>Automatic authentication without re-entering credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk did the user face due to the unexpiring authentication token?

    <p>Potential unauthorized access to account details</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How could an attacker gain access to the victim's car online capabilities?

    <p>Add their email address to the victim's car through a security vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text recommend against clicking links in emails?

    <p>To avoid hidden malicious information in the links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as a more practical alternative to disabling JavaScript entirely?

    <p>Using browser extensions or security tools to manage JavaScript usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for developers to prevent cross-site scripting vulnerabilities on their websites?

    <p>Validating all fields on a website</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method used by an attacker to encourage a victim to click and trigger a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>Sending an email with a specially-crafted link</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a stored cross-site scripting attack, where is the malicious script typically embedded?

    <p>Within a post or message on a website</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information is usually obtained by an attacker in a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p>Session IDs and user credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the text mention that attackers often don't display alerts on the victim's workstation in cross-site scripting attacks?

    <p>To ensure the victim interacts with the alert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a stored cross-site scripting attack from its reflective counterpart?

    <p>Stored attacks impact all visitors of a webpage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a stored cross-site scripting attack quickly propagate across social media platforms?

    <p>By embedding malicious scripts in shared posts or messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of field in a web application is often exploited in cross-site scripting attacks?

    <p><em>Text</em> input fields like search bars or forum posts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could an attacker potentially gain access to if they successfully exploit a reflective cross-site scripting attack?

    <p><em>Session ID</em> information and user credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

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