Cross-Platform Development Frameworks Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What key advantage do PWAs offer users over traditional websites?

  • PWAs provide users with a faster and smoother user experience.
  • PWAs allow users to access content offline.
  • PWAs enable users to receive push notifications.
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the primary reason for the increased development speed of cross-platform applications?

  • The use of a single codebase for both Android and iOS platforms. (correct)
  • The availability of pre-built UI components for both platforms.
  • The reduced need for testing and debugging due to shared code.
  • The ability to leverage existing web development skills for app development.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cross-platform applications?

  • They allow for the development of native applications.
  • They typically have lower maintenance costs compared to native apps.
  • They offer the same performance speed as first-party native applications. (correct)
  • They run on both Android and iOS platforms.

What is a key difference between Xamarin and Flutter in terms of their UI/UX approach?

<p>Flutter uses a bespoke UI/UX approach while Xamarin utilizes native UI components. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cross-platform development framework uses Dart as its primary programming language?

<p>Flutter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using a cross-platform development solution for a project management tool?

<p>It allows for a faster development cycle and lower costs for reaching both Android and iOS users. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using a cross-platform application development framework?

<p>Guaranteed native app performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cross-platform development solution is maintained by Facebook?

<p>React Native (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the "send_button_id" in the XML file?

<p>To trigger the sending of data to another activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to send data from the first activity (activity_first) to the second activity (activity_second)?

<p>putExtra() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the data received in the second activity (activity_second)?

<p>By using the &quot;getIntentExtra()&quot; method. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of layout is used in the XML file for the first activity?

<p>Relative Layout (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the "activity_first" activity?

<p>To send data to the second activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the "android:id" attribute in the XML code?

<p>To uniquely identify each component in the layout. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using Intent to transfer data between activities?

<p>Intents simplify data transfer by providing a standardized way to send and receive data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT in the provided code?

<p>It allows the pending intent to be updated with new data when the notification is triggered. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods are called in the lifecycle of the Activity, based on the code snippet?

<p>onStart(), onResume(), onStop(), onCreate() (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the code snippet notificationManager.notify(1234, builder.build()) do?

<p>It displays a notification with the specified ID and builder. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the code snippet val intent = Intent(this, MainActivity3::class.java)?

<p>It creates a new intent to launch the <code>MainActivity3</code> activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is triggered when the user clicks on the notification?

<p>The <code>MainActivity3</code> activity is launched. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Intent actions can be used to launch the dialer app with a specific phone number?

<p>Intent.ACTION_DIAL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the line intent.putExtra("msg", msg)?

<p>It adds a string extra to the intent with the key &quot;msg&quot; and value &quot;Hello from Main Activity&quot;. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the code snippet notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager?

<p>It obtains a reference to the <code>NotificationManager</code> service. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the findViewById() method in the provided Android code snippet?

<p>To obtain a reference to a UI component from the layout file. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Intent object in the newsScreen() function?

<p>To initiate a transition from the current activity to another activity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component type is NOT explicitly mentioned as being instantiated using findViewById() in the code snippet?

<p>EditText (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the activity_main2.xml file in the context of the code snippet?

<p>To define the layout for the second activity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the code snippet, what is the significance of the line startActivity(i);?

<p>It starts the second activity, <code>MainActivity2</code>, in the application flow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions can be performed to expand or collapse a tool window?

<p>Clicking the tool's name in the tool window bar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you customize the default layout of tool windows in Android Studio?

<p>Clicking Window &gt; Store Current Layout as Default (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the file you should double-click to expand the hierarchy of app files in your first Android app?

<p>app (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Project' option in Android Studio?

<p>To hide or show the Project view (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended hardware device definition to use when creating a virtual device?

<p>Pixel 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the AVD Manager located in Android Studio?

<p>Tools &gt; AVD Manager (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When creating a virtual device, what is the recommended system image to choose?

<p>The latest available release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided content, what is the correct sequence for setting up a new Android Studio project?

<p>Install Android Studio, create your first project, create a virtual device (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the getStringExtra("message_key") line in the provided Kotlin code snippet?

<p>To retrieve a string value passed from another activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the provided code, what is the role of receiver_msg?

<p>A TextView object used to display received data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Toast example provided, what is the significance of Toast.LENGTH_SHORT in the code?

<p>It determines the duration for which the Toast will be visible. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of an Android layout?

<p>A layout defines the structure and arrangement of UI components within an Activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the code handle the situation where the Intent does not contain a string value with the key "message_key"?

<p>The code will ignore the missing value and the TextView will remain empty. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Toast example, what is the purpose of the makeText() method?

<p>To create a Toast object with specified text and duration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a Toast and an Activity in Android?

<p>A Toast is a short-lived, non-interactive notification, while an Activity provides a full screen experience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid parameter for the makeText() method when creating a Toast object?

<p>Layout resource file (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Progressive Web App (PWA)

A type of app that is accessed via a web browser, can be installed on a device, and supports offline use.

Cross-Platform Application

A framework that allows apps to run on both iOS and Android using the same code base.

Xamarin

Microsoft's cross-platform solution enabling development of native apps using .NET languages.

React Native

Facebook’s framework for building mobile apps using JavaScript with native UI/UX.

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Flutter

Google's framework for creating mobile apps, using the Dart language with custom UI/UX.

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IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

A software application providing comprehensive facilities to programmers for software development.

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Native Features

Functionalities that are unique to the operating system or hardware of a device, like camera or GPS.

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UI/UX Design

The process of enhancing user satisfaction by improving the usability and accessibility of an app.

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Tool Windows

Panels in Android Studio that provide tools and functionalities.

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Expand/Collapse Tool Window

To show or hide a tool window by clicking its name in the bar.

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Restore Default Layout

Returning tool windows to their original arrangement using Window > Restore Default Layout.

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Virtual Device (Emulator)

A simulated Android device that runs apps without needing a physical device.

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Creating Virtual Device

Process of setting up an emulator through Tools > AVD Manager in Android Studio.

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Select Hardware Definition

Choosing an emulator's specifications from pre-configured device options.

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Recommended System Image

Latest version of Android software needed for emulation, available under the System Image dialog.

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Finish Creating Project

Completing the project setup after configuring the app details and settings in Android Studio.

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Intent

A messaging object used to communicate between components in Android.

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getStringExtra()

A method to retrieve string data from an Intent.

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TextView

A UI element in Android used to display text to the user.

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Toast

A small popup message that provides feedback to the user.

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makeText()

A method to create a Toast object for displaying messages.

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show()

A method to display the Toast message on the screen.

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setContentView()

A method to set the layout for the current activity in Android.

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Android Layout

Defines the structure and UI components of an Android application's screen.

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MainActivity

The primary activity class that handles application logic in Android.

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onCreate()

Lifecycle method called when an activity is created, initializing components.

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onDestroy()

Lifecycle method invoked when an activity is destroyed, cleaning up resources.

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putExtra()

Method to send data from one activity to another via Intent in Android.

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XML Layout

Declarative layout language used to design UI in Android applications.

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Relative Layout

A type of UI layout in Android where components are positioned relative to each other.

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findViewById() method

A method used to instantiate UI components by their assigned ID from XML.

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Second Activity Creation

Process to create a new screen in Android by adding another activity to the project.

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XML layout file

A file containing the UI design of an Android activity, defining how elements are arranged.

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NotificationManager

A service for managing notifications in an Android app.

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createNotificationChannel

Sets up a channel for notification delivery in Android O and above.

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PendingIntent

A wrapper for an Intent that allows it to be executed later by another application.

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NotificationCompat.Builder

A builder class for creating notifications with compatibility support.

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setContentIntent

Specifies the action to be performed when the user taps the notification.

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setAutoCancel

Allows the notification to automatically disappear when clicked.

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Intent.ACTION_SEND

An action to send data from one activity to another, typically used for sharing.

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Intent.ACTION_VIEW

An action to display data to the user, commonly used for URLs or geographical locations.

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Study Notes

Notes of Mobile Computing and App Development

  • LJ University, a university with a difference, and LJ Polytechnic, through their CE & IT Department, have compiled notes on mobile computing and app development.

  • The institute's notes provide a concise overview of the syllabus, helpful for quick revision.

  • Students are strongly advised to use prescribed textbooks/reference books for a comprehensive understanding and thorough exam preparation.

  • Mobile Apps are primarily developed for 3 operating systems: Android, iOS, and Windows.

  • There are 3 ways to develop mobile apps:

    • 1st Party Native App development: Apps are designed for a specific operating system and run only on that OS. They cannot be used on different devices using a different OS, and are coded using languages such as Java or Kotlin for Android and Swift or Objective-C for iOS. The suggested IDEs are Android Studio for Android and Xcode for iOS.
    • Progressive Web Apps: Apps run locally on the device, similar to a website. Used technologies include Microsoft Blazor, React, Angular JS, and Native Script.
    • Cross-Platform application: Framework for development of totally native applications that work on both Android and iOS using the same codebase. Technologies such as Xamarin (Microsoft), React Native (Facebook), and Flutter (Google) are examples.

  • A retail company can improve its in-store shopping experience using a 1st party native app, allowing customers to browse inventory, create shopping lists, scan barcodes to view products, locate items, and pay directly in-store.

  • A news website can provide users with a better mobile experience through a Progressive Web App. This allows users offline access, push notifications for breaking news, and a fast/smooth experience.

  • A project management company can develop a cross-platform project management app using Xamarin, React Native, or Flutter that is compatible with Windows, Mac, iOS and Android devices. The app allows creating and assigning tasks, setting deadlines, and tracking progress, integration with tools like Google Calendar and Trello, and a user-friendly interface that works across all platforms.

Mobile App Development Framework

  • A mobile application development framework is a software library that provides a strong foundation for developing applications for a specific operating environment (e.g., Android or iOS).

  • These frameworks can be categorized as:

    • Native App: Application designed for a specific platform/device.
    • Web App: Application designed to deliver web pages on different platforms/devices.
    • Hybrid App: Combination of native and web applications, offering a single code base for multiple platforms. Examples include frameworks like React Native, Flutter, and Ionic.

  • React Native: A cross-platform framework created by Facebook which is based on React and Javascript.

  • Flutter: A cross-platform mobile app development framework from Google that uses a UI toolkit, making it possible to develop Android and iOS applications based on a single codebase.

  • Ionic: An open-source framework that allows cross-platform mobile development with web technologies HTML, CSS, and Javascript. It provides several built-in UI elements, including forms, dialogs, and navigation, for constructing aesthetically and functionally satisfying applications.

Components of Android Application

  • Activities: The presentation layer of Android applications. They manage the UI and provide a way for users to interact with the app.
  • Services: Background tasks. Can perform tasks when the app is not in the foreground.
  • Content Providers: Manage and persist app data—allow data sharing amongst different applications
  • Broadcast Receivers: React to system-wide events such as incoming text messages or network changes.
  • Intents: Used for communication between different parts of the application, and across different applications.
  • Widgets: Small visual components on the home screen of the device.
  • Notifications: Alert users of important events related to the app, even when the application is not active.

Android Manifest File

  • The AndroidManifest.xml file is a metadata file containing details about your Android application. It helps the operating system understand how your components interact, defines permissions needed, and declares application components.
  • The key components in the manifest file are:
    • manifest: Root element that contains information about the application.
    • uses-sdk: Specifies the minimum and target SDK versions your application requires.
    • uses-permission: Declares the permissions required by the application.
    • application: Defines the name, icon, theme, and other aspects of the application.
    • activity: Describes the activities within the application, including their names, intent filters, security and themes.
    • service: Describes services within the application.
    • provider: Describes content providers within the application.

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Mobile Computing and App Development Notes PDF

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