Crop Basics and Classification

Crop Basics

• Crops refer to a group of plants.
• Two main aspects of crop production include soil preparation and economic objectives.
• Soil preparation is essential to prepare land before planting crops.
• Economic objectives guide the purpose of growing crops.

Crop Classification

• Crops can be classified by the seasons they are planted in: Kharif, Rabi, and Zaid
• Kharif crops:
  • Planted at the start of the rainy season.
  • Need temperatures between 25-35°C.
  • Tolerate high rainfall and humidity
  • Examples include soybeans, corn, cotton, guar, mung beans, rice.
• Rabi crops:
  • Planted during winter.
  • Require temperatures between 15-25°C.
  • Examples include wheat, barley, and mustard.
• Zaid crops:
  • Planted during summer.
  • Need temperatures around 42°C.
  • Examples include melon and cucumber.
• Crops can also be categorized based on economic objectives:
  • Food crops:
    • These are important for fulfilling basic food needs.
    • Examples include wheat, rice, and corn.