Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common location for the condition described?
What is the most common location for the condition described?
- Ascending colon
- Descending colon
- Sigmoid colon (correct)
- Transverse colon
Which dietary factor significantly increases the risk of developing the condition mentioned?
Which dietary factor significantly increases the risk of developing the condition mentioned?
- High-sugar diet
- Low-fat diet
- High-protein diet
- Low-fiber diet (correct)
What symptom is least likely associated with the condition described?
What symptom is least likely associated with the condition described?
- Lower gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage
- Constipation alternating with diarrhea
- Severe headaches (correct)
- Iron deficiency anemia
How does age relate to the incidence of the condition?
How does age relate to the incidence of the condition?
Which of the following symptoms can occur due to the condition?
Which of the following symptoms can occur due to the condition?
What percentage of cases is disease limited to the small intestine alone?
What percentage of cases is disease limited to the small intestine alone?
Which of the following features is commonly seen in Crohn's disease?
Which of the following features is commonly seen in Crohn's disease?
What is a characteristic appearance of the diseased tissue in Crohn's disease?
What is a characteristic appearance of the diseased tissue in Crohn's disease?
Which of the following microscopic features is indicative of active Crohn's disease?
Which of the following microscopic features is indicative of active Crohn's disease?
Which condition is commonly found in patients with Crohn's disease?
Which condition is commonly found in patients with Crohn's disease?
What gene mutation is associated with juvenile polyposis?
What gene mutation is associated with juvenile polyposis?
Which mutation is specifically related to juvenile polyps and increased cancer risk?
Which mutation is specifically related to juvenile polyps and increased cancer risk?
What is the most prevalent type of cancer in the United States in terms of incidence and mortality?
What is the most prevalent type of cancer in the United States in terms of incidence and mortality?
Which of the following cancers is NOT specifically mentioned as having an increased risk due to SMAD4 mutation?
Which of the following cancers is NOT specifically mentioned as having an increased risk due to SMAD4 mutation?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of juvenile polyposis?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of juvenile polyposis?
What is a characteristic feature of Ulcerative Colitis morphology?
What is a characteristic feature of Ulcerative Colitis morphology?
Which description fits the appearance of colonic mucosa in Ulcerative Colitis?
Which description fits the appearance of colonic mucosa in Ulcerative Colitis?
What are Pseudopolyps in the context of Ulcerative Colitis?
What are Pseudopolyps in the context of Ulcerative Colitis?
What histologic features are commonly found in Ulcerative Colitis?
What histologic features are commonly found in Ulcerative Colitis?
Which of the following statements is true regarding mural thickening in Ulcerative Colitis?
Which of the following statements is true regarding mural thickening in Ulcerative Colitis?
What is a key characteristic of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
What is a key characteristic of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
Which of the following cancers is NOT associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
Which of the following cancers is NOT associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
What type of genetic inheritance is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with?
What type of genetic inheritance is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with?
What primary type of polyps are associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
What primary type of polyps are associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
In addition to the small intestine, which other organ is at increased risk for cancer in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
In addition to the small intestine, which other organ is at increased risk for cancer in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
Study Notes
Crohn Disease
- Disease is limited to the small intestine alone in about 40% of cases.
- Multiple, separate, sharply delineated areas of disease, resulting in skip lesions.
- Strictures are common.
- Cobblestone appearance in which diseased tissue is depressed below the level of normal mucosa.
- Fissures
- Active Crohn disease show abundant neutrophils that infiltrate and damage crypt epithelium.
- Noncaseating granulomas in approximately 35% of cases.
Ulcerative Colitis
- Always involves the rectum and extends proximally in a continuous fashion to involve part or the entire colon.
- Colonic mucosa may be slightly red and granular-appearing or exhibit extensive broad-based ulcers.
- Pseudopolyps: regenerating mucosa.
- Mural thickening is absent, the serosal surface is normal, and strictures do not occur.
- Histologic features are similar to those in colonic Crohn's disease: inflammatory infiltrates, crypt abscesses, crypt distortion, and epithelial metaplasia.
- Incidence increases with age
- Major risk factor is a low-fiber diet, which leads to increased intraluminal pressure.
- Most common location is sigmoid colon.
- Can cause constipation alternating with diarrhea, left lower quadrant abdominal cramping and discomfort, occult bleeding and an iron deficiency anemia, or lower gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage.
- Associated with an increased risk of cancer at other sites, including the endometrium and the ovary.
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
- Autosomal dominant condition characterized by multiple hamartomatous polyps (primarily in the small intestine).
- Melanin pigmentation of the oral mucosa.
- Increased risk of cancer at numerous sites including the lung, pancreas, breast, and uterus.
- LKB1/STK11 gene mutation.
Juvenile Polyposis
- SMAD4 mutation.
- Presents with juvenile polyps.
- Increased risk for gastric, small-intestinal, colonic, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Colonic Adenocarcinoma
- Third most common tumor in the United States, in terms of incidence and mortality.
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Description
This quiz compares and contrasts Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two forms of inflammatory bowel disease. It covers common symptoms, histological features, and the specific characteristics of each condition. Test your knowledge on these important gastrointestinal disorders!
