Critical Thinking Lecture 1
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of a critical thinker?

  • Welcoming criticism
  • Inflexibility (correct)
  • Self-awareness
  • Open-mindedness
  • What does critical thinking primarily involve?

  • Evaluating information from observation and experience (correct)
  • Collecting data without questioning
  • Relying solely on emotional responses
  • Believing opinions without skepticism
  • Socratic questioning is primarily associated with which aspect of critical thinking?

  • Accepting commonly held beliefs
  • Dismissing others' viewpoints
  • Finding questions to ask (correct)
  • Promoting creative thinking
  • Which of the following statements accurately describes critical thinking?

    <p>It encompasses a range of cognitive skills for evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher is noted for the early development of critical thinking through questioning?

    <p>Socrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of thinking in psychology?

    <p>A cognitive process that helps solve problems and make decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thinking focuses on analyzing facts to prove or disprove hypotheses?

    <p>Analytical thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thinking is described as the ability to produce new ideas or methods?

    <p>Creative thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is primarily associated with critical thinking?

    <p>Higher-order reasoning to assess truthfulness of claims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thinking involves formulating and executing practical plans?

    <p>Practical thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does critical thinking allow you to evaluate?

    <p>The truth, falsehood, or partial truth of a claim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a type of thinking mentioned?

    <p>Pragmatic thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thinking is primarily associated with the scientific method?

    <p>Scientific thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Critical Thinking Lecture 1

    • Lecture was on Introduction and Concepts of Critical Thinking
    • Instructor: Dr. Ibrahim Abd Elhady
    • Course: Alexandria National University Pharmacy Program
    • Learning Outcomes for this lecture:
      • Define the meaning of thinking
      • Determine types of thinking
      • Define the meaning of critical thinking
      • Describe the history of critical thinking
      • Describe characteristics of a critical thinker

    What is Thinking?

    • In psychology, thinking is a cognitive process
    • Thinking helps solve problems, make decisions, and understand ideas
    • Thinking includes mental activities: attention, perception, and memory

    Types of Thinking

    • There are five types of thinking:
      • Analytical thinking
      • Practical thinking
      • Scientific thinking
      • Creative thinking
      • Critical thinking

    Analytical Thinking

    • Depends on analyzing facts
    • Used to prove or disprove hypotheses

    Practical Thinking

    • Depends on thinking practically or in a possible way through a plan

    Scientific Thinking

    • Depends on thinking about scientific content and reasoning processes

    Creative Thinking

    • Ability to produce something new
      • New solution to a problem
      • New method
      • New device

    Critical Thinking

    • Higher-order thinking
    • Determining if a claim is true, false, or partially true/false
    • Evaluating information gathered from observations, experiences, or reflections, guiding beliefs and actions
    • Correct thinking to seek relevant and reliable knowledge about the world
    • General term for a wide range of cognitive skills to identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments

    Critical Thinking is Not:

    • Negativity (it's not just criticism)
    • Emotionless
    • Creative thinking
    • Just problem-solving; it's about finding questions to ask

    Characteristics of a Critical Thinker

    • Open-mindedness
    • Insightful
    • Self-aware
    • Independent thinking
    • Honest
    • Welcome criticism

    Critical Thinking Skills

    • Analyzing
    • Reasoning
    • Evaluating
    • Decision-making
    • Problem-solving

    History of Critical Thinking

    • Intellectual roots trace back to Socrates (2,500 years ago)
    • Socrates used questioning to find if people could justify knowledge claims
    • Socrates' questioning method is known as "Socratic Questioning"
    • Plato and Aristotle built upon this, emphasizing that the way things appear can be different from actuality

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    Description

    Explore the foundational concepts of critical thinking in this engaging lecture. Led by Dr. Ibrahim Abd Elhady at Alexandria National University, this session covers the definition of thinking, types of thinking, and the characteristics of effective critical thinkers. Join to enhance your understanding of this essential cognitive process.

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