Critical Thinking and Knowledge Quiz

<p>It allows people to make decisions based on their own values and beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowledge is a justified true belief. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Realists believe in absolute truths, while relativists believe in relative truths. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It encourages us to question existing beliefs and assumptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carefully analyzing the reasons behind a particular decision or action. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person believes that the sun orbits the earth, based on a misunderstanding of scientific information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To highlight the existence of disagreements in morality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person forms an opinion based on their own careful consideration of evidence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct conflict involves conflicting evidence that is of equal strength, while indirect conflict involves conflicting evidence of different strengths. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important to avoid personal biases when evaluating epistemic reasons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps a critical thinker to avoid premature conclusions and seek more evidence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pragmatic reasons are not relevant in situations requiring critical thinking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Truth is purely a matter of individual opinion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When faced with conflicting evidence, trust the evidence that is strongest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sufficient evidence is enough to prove a claim, while acceptable evidence comes from reliable sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assuming the evidence we have is the best, even though there might be better evidence available. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assuming that reasons are subjective and specific to individual experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rejecting evidence that contradicts your political beliefs, even though it comes from a reputable source. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appealing to authority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beliefs are supported by strong reasons, while prejudices are not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important to be independent in our thinking and not simply accept what others tell us. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our beliefs should be based on evidence that is both sufficient and acceptable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using emotional reasoning to justify beliefs without objective evidence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify and avoid common mistakes in critical thinking. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You need to gather more information to make a decision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personalizing reasons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Critical thinking allows us to make independent decisions based on our own values and beliefs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appeal to common sense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowledge is a justified, true belief. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reasonable and reflective thinking aimed at deciding what to believe or do.

A process to determine what to believe based on facts and evaluations.

A process to decide what actions to take to achieve goals.

Thinking that is sensitive to methods and has good reasons for decisions.

Thinking about a problem from multiple angles to find a solution.

A series of statements providing logical support for a conclusion.

The belief that truths exist independently of opinions.

The belief that truths can vary based on perspective or culture.

Belief, truth, and justification can occur separately in three cases: lucky belief, unlucky belief, and denial.

Situation where a belief is true but lacks supportive evidence, showing poor critical thinking.

Belief that is justified but ultimately false; reflects good critical thinking but unlucky outcomes.

Beliefs can be justified through different types of reasons: pragmatic, emotional, or epistemic.

Disagreements in morality suggest that moral relativism is valid; if serious disagreements exist, it supports relativism.

Direct conflict occurs when evidence opposes, while indirect conflict requires weighing the stronger evidence.

The ability to think independently, avoid prejudice, and make one's own judgments.

Personalizing reasons can mislead; epistemic reasons should be viewed universally and objectively.

The belief that truth is defined by personal opinions.

Truth is defined by societal or cultural consensus.

The belief that there are no truths or factual statements.

The idea that moral right and wrong depends on different perspectives and disagreements.

An argument is valid if its premises support its conclusion.

Knowledge is true belief; to know something, you must believe it is true.

The right to hold beliefs, but must be based on factual evidence.

Producing reasons lead to initial beliefs; sustaining reasons support ongoing beliefs.

Feelings that influence beliefs, often linked to connections or community.

Beliefs held because they simplify life or help achieve goals.

Strong reasons based on evidence that support true beliefs.

The practice of using reasoning and evidence in medical decisions.

Critical thinkers rely on evidence, not emotions, when forming beliefs.

Individuals whose opinions on morality can be questioned due to varying beliefs.

Truth exists independent of personal beliefs or societal consensus.

Express evidence and reasons without personal ownership.

Evidence must fully support a conclusion if true.

Evidence must come from reliable and trustworthy sources.

Two pieces of evidence that point in opposite directions.

Observations can be misleading, measurements are accurate.

Delay decisions until more evidence is available.

Assuming evidence confirming beliefs is the best.

Weaker evidence should be viewed cautiously compared to stronger evidence.

Beliefs need justification; prejudices do not.

Formulate beliefs based on strong evidence to avoid harm.

Mistakes in reasoning that lead to faulty beliefs.

Basing beliefs on feelings instead of evidence.

Methods to enhance critical examination of beliefs.

To know something is to believe it, be correct, and justify that belief.