Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who was the military engineer with the East India Company keenly interested in archaeology?
Who was the military engineer with the East India Company keenly interested in archaeology?
What clue did Alexander Cunningham miss in his investigation at Harappa?
What clue did Alexander Cunningham miss in his investigation at Harappa?
Why were the officers of the Archaeological Survey of India unenthusiastic about Harappa and Mohenjodaro?
Why were the officers of the Archaeological Survey of India unenthusiastic about Harappa and Mohenjodaro?
Which village was Charles Masson standing on when he speculated about Alexander's battle with King Porus?
Which village was Charles Masson standing on when he speculated about Alexander's battle with King Porus?
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What is one of the significant differences among Harappan sites mentioned in the text?
What is one of the significant differences among Harappan sites mentioned in the text?
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Which site had a very low percentage of the typical black-on-red Harappan pottery finds?
Which site had a very low percentage of the typical black-on-red Harappan pottery finds?
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What type of structures at Kalibangan are unique and not found at most other Harappan sites?
What type of structures at Kalibangan are unique and not found at most other Harappan sites?
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What was Leshnik's controversial suggestion about the dockyard at Lothal?
What was Leshnik's controversial suggestion about the dockyard at Lothal?
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Why have recent excavations at Harappa been marked by much more careful analysis and scientific techniques?
Why have recent excavations at Harappa been marked by much more careful analysis and scientific techniques?
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What do the debates about various aspects of the Harappan civilization mainly reflect?
What do the debates about various aspects of the Harappan civilization mainly reflect?
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What did Robert McC.Adams emphasize in explaining the rise of cities?
What did Robert McC.Adams emphasize in explaining the rise of cities?
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According to Gideon Sjoberg, what played a crucial role in maintaining the social organization of empires?
According to Gideon Sjoberg, what played a crucial role in maintaining the social organization of empires?
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What role did monumental public buildings play in cities according to the text?
What role did monumental public buildings play in cities according to the text?
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Why were cities ultimately sustained by agricultural surpluses from villages?
Why were cities ultimately sustained by agricultural surpluses from villages?
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What was the relationship between cities and villages according to the text?
What was the relationship between cities and villages according to the text?
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What was highlighted as the pivotal factor in the emergence of cities by Gideon Sjoberg?
What was highlighted as the pivotal factor in the emergence of cities by Gideon Sjoberg?
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What did the ruling class provide to farmers in exchange for their surplus produce according to the text?
What did the ruling class provide to farmers in exchange for their surplus produce according to the text?
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'Cities implied a significant amount of long-distance trade.' What is the reason behind this implication?
'Cities implied a significant amount of long-distance trade.' What is the reason behind this implication?
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'Conceptualized and sophisticated styles of artistic expression made their appearance.' What contributed to this appearance?
'Conceptualized and sophisticated styles of artistic expression made their appearance.' What contributed to this appearance?
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'Cities implied a state organization based on residence in a territory rather than on kinship.' What does this imply about city-state relationships?
'Cities implied a state organization based on residence in a territory rather than on kinship.' What does this imply about city-state relationships?
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'The invention of systems of recording helped meet the needs of administration.' Which invention specifically contributed to this need?
'The invention of systems of recording helped meet the needs of administration.' Which invention specifically contributed to this need?
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'Cities were nodes for appropriation and redistribution of agricultural surpluses.’ What role did cities primarily play in this context?
'Cities were nodes for appropriation and redistribution of agricultural surpluses.’ What role did cities primarily play in this context?
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Who made the formal announcement of the discovery of the Indus or Harappan civilization in 1924?
Who made the formal announcement of the discovery of the Indus or Harappan civilization in 1924?
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What did V. Gordon Childe describe the city as?
What did V. Gordon Childe describe the city as?
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Which early civilization did not have a system of true writing?
Which early civilization did not have a system of true writing?
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Who started excavations at Mohenjodaro in 1921?
Who started excavations at Mohenjodaro in 1921?
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What was one of the earliest attempts to define a city according to the text?
What was one of the earliest attempts to define a city according to the text?
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Who did not agree with V. Gordon Childe's use of 'revolution' to describe urbanization?
Who did not agree with V. Gordon Childe's use of 'revolution' to describe urbanization?
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'Urbanization' and 'Civilization' are more or less synonymous because ____.
'Urbanization' and 'Civilization' are more or less synonymous because ____.
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'Civilization' refers to a cultural stage generally associated with cities and writing. What distinguishes it from 'Urbanization'?
'Civilization' refers to a cultural stage generally associated with cities and writing. What distinguishes it from 'Urbanization'?
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'Childe did succeed in identifying the most significant features and implications of city life'. This statement implies that ____.
'Childe did succeed in identifying the most significant features and implications of city life'. This statement implies that ____.
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'One is to narrow down the diagnostic features, focusing on writing, monumental structures, and a large population'. What does this statement refer to?
'One is to narrow down the diagnostic features, focusing on writing, monumental structures, and a large population'. What does this statement refer to?
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Who is attributed with starting an important debate on the diagnostic features of urban societies?
Who is attributed with starting an important debate on the diagnostic features of urban societies?
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What was one of the three different sorts of trends in defining the city mentioned in the text?
What was one of the three different sorts of trends in defining the city mentioned in the text?
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What allowed a greater level of protection and security in cities compared to villages?
What allowed a greater level of protection and security in cities compared to villages?
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Where did elite groups tend to live in cities?
Where did elite groups tend to live in cities?
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Which aspect made cities the place for political decisions and military strategies?
Which aspect made cities the place for political decisions and military strategies?
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Why are cities considered centers of cultural and artistic activity?
Why are cities considered centers of cultural and artistic activity?
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What has been suggested as important factors in the emergence of cities over the years?
What has been suggested as important factors in the emergence of cities over the years?
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What aspect of the emergence of cities can be directly understood from archaeological sources?
What aspect of the emergence of cities can be directly understood from archaeological sources?
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How do scholars view the Harappan civilization today?
How do scholars view the Harappan civilization today?
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What led to questionable theories about Harappan origins and economy?
What led to questionable theories about Harappan origins and economy?
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What have scholars increasingly directed attention to in Harappan studies?
What have scholars increasingly directed attention to in Harappan studies?
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What kind of settlement is Allahdino near Karachi?
What kind of settlement is Allahdino near Karachi?
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What do profiles of different kinds of Harappan settlements provide?
What do profiles of different kinds of Harappan settlements provide?
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