Questions and Answers
Which approach to understanding criminal behavior focuses on internal factors such as biological or mental aspects?
Which term describes a view that argues crime may be inherited or transferred through genes?
What type of crime involves the offender acquiring something of value?
Which approach identifies the specific cause of crime between two parties?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the Revised Penal Code?
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Which type of psychosis refers to crimes associated with brain dysfunction?
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What does Article 8 of the Civil Code signify in relation to judicial decisions?
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Which of the following best defines the significance of treaties and conventions in Philippine law?
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Which criminological classification reflects a crime's occurrence being limited to specific times of the year?
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Which category describes criminals who commit acts only in specific situations?
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What is the main focus of the Anglo American (common law) legal system?
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What does the therapeutic approach primarily focus on concerning criminals?
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Which aspect of the Constitution pertains to the rights of indigenous cultural communities?
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What type of criminal activity is characterized by offenses committed through a sequence of actions over an extended period?
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Which factor describes environmental influences that trigger criminal behavior?
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Which type of criminal engages in activities prohibited by societal and moral standards?
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What is the defining aspect of organized criminals?
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A juvenile delinquent is defined by what criterion?
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Which term denotes individuals who commit crimes out of ignorance of the law rather than intent?
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What is one characteristic of static criminals?
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What does the term jurisprudence imply?
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Study Notes
Criminal Behavior and Approaches
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Criminal behavior can be analyzed through subjective and objective lenses, focusing on both internal and external factors.
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Subjective Approach: Emphasizes individual biological and mental factors, such as:
- Biological Factors: Includes heredity, mental diseases, and brain dysfunction as contributors to criminal behavior.
- Deficient in Probity: Crime may stem from a lack of honesty or integrity.
- Functional and Organic Psychosis: Criminal behavior linked to mental disorders or brain dysfunction.
- Individualistic Factors: Internal biological, physical, or mental aspects influencing crime.
- Physiological Malfunctions: Crime could result from glandular issues.
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Objective Approach: Focuses on external causes of crime including:
- Causal Analysis: Identifies the cause-and-effect relationship between parties involved in a crime.
- Descriptive Approach: Explores reasons behind crime and characteristics of criminals.
- Economic Factors: Crime resulting from financial crises or instability.
- Endemic Causes: Factors specific to a particular location leading to crime.
- Environmental Influences: Surroundings and triggers that lead individuals to commit crimes.
- Social Learning: Criminal behavior learned through societal interactions.
- Therapeutic Perspective: Views criminals as victims needing treatment for reform.
- Twin Research: Highlights external influences on criminal behavior.
Criminological Classification of Crime
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Category A:
- Acquisitive Crime: Offenders acquire something.
- Extinctive Crime: Acts resulting in destruction.
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Category B:
- Seasonal Crime: Occurs during specific times of the year.
- Situational Crime: Occurs in circumstances conducive to its commission.
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Category C:
- Instant Crime: Committed swiftly.
- Episodic Crime: Series of acts over a longer timeframe.
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Category D:
- Static Crime: Occurs in a single location.
- Transitory Crime: Occurs in multiple locations.
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Category E:
- Rational Crime: Committed with intent by sane individuals.
- Irrational Crime: Involves individuals unaware of their actions due to mental disease.
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Category F:
- White Collar Crime: Committed by respectable individuals in financial settings.
- Blue Collar Crime: Committed by common criminals for livelihood.
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Category G:
- Crimes of the Upper World: Large-scale syndicate crimes.
- Crimes of the Lower World: Amateur criminal activities.
- Legalistic Criminals: Individuals violating laws due to ignorance.
- Moralistic Criminals: Engaged in socially and morally prohibited activities.
- Professional Criminals: Full-time criminals utilizing crime for income.
- Organized Criminals: Highly structured groups threatening state stability.
- Juvenile Delinquents: Legal violations by minors, termed juvenile delinquency.
Law and Legal Systems
- Law Definition: A rule of conduct established by legitimate authority for public welfare.
- Jurisprudence: Knowledge or skill in law derived from Latin origins.
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Legal Systems:
- Roman (Civil System): Governs areas like family relations and property law.
- Anglo-American (Common Law): Involves constitutional and procedural laws alongside corporate law.
Sources of Law in the Philippines
- Criminal Law: Defines crimes, addresses crime nature, and provides punishments.
- Revised Penal Code: Main source of criminal law enacted under Act No. 3815, effective from January 1, 1932.
- The Constitution: Fundamental law of the land.
- Statutes: Laws enacted by the legislative branch.
- Treaties and Conventions: Have equal authority as statutes.
- Judicial Decisions: Forms part of the legal system; only Supreme Court decisions create binding jurisprudence.
- Article 6, Paragraph 2 of the Constitution: Recognizes and protects indigenous cultural rights.
- Shariah Law: Muslim law based on the Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the factors influencing criminal behavior, both external and internal, as outlined in Module 8. It covers biological influences on crime, lack of integrity, and common property crimes. Test your understanding of these critical concepts in criminology.
