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Questions and Answers
What is a way an individual can commit a crime according to the principles of criminal liability?
What is a way an individual can commit a crime according to the principles of criminal liability?
- Jointly with another person (correct)
- Through a non-criminal third party
- As a victim of the crime
- As a witness to the crime
What is an example of aiding the commission of a crime?
What is an example of aiding the commission of a crime?
- Witnessing a crime
- Preventing a crime from occurring
- Reporting a crime to the authorities
- Soliciting the commission of a crime (correct)
What is required for criminal liability in the context of international armed conflict?
What is required for criminal liability in the context of international armed conflict?
- The crime must be committed through another person
- The crime must be committed with criminal intent (correct)
- The crime must be committed by a state actor
- The crime must be committed jointly with another person
What is not a basis for criminal liability under humanitarian law?
What is not a basis for criminal liability under humanitarian law?
What is the significance of the 'through another person' provision in the context of criminal liability?
What is the significance of the 'through another person' provision in the context of criminal liability?
What is the key element in the commission of a war crime by a group of persons?
What is the key element in the commission of a war crime by a group of persons?
What is the scope of criminal liability in the context of international armed conflict?
What is the scope of criminal liability in the context of international armed conflict?
What is the relevance of 'acting with a common purpose' in the context of genocide?
What is the relevance of 'acting with a common purpose' in the context of genocide?
What is the consequence of contributing to the commission of a war crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose?
What is the consequence of contributing to the commission of a war crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose?
What is the significance of 'attempted commission' in the context of international humanitarian law?
What is the significance of 'attempted commission' in the context of international humanitarian law?
What is the penalty for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
What is the penalty for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
What is the range of the fine imposed for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
What is the range of the fine imposed for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
What is the duration of the penalty of reclusion perpetua under this Act?
What is the duration of the penalty of reclusion perpetua under this Act?
Which of the following is NOT a penalty for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
Which of the following is NOT a penalty for committing acts under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this Act?
What is the purpose of the penalty imposed under this Act?
What is the purpose of the penalty imposed under this Act?
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Study Notes
Criminal Liability
- A person can be held criminally liable for a crime if they commit it:
- As an individual
- Jointly with another person
- Through another person, regardless of whether that person is criminally responsible
Types of Criminal Involvement
- A person can be involved in a crime in the following ways:
- Ordering the commission of a crime
- Soliciting the commission of a crime
- Inducing the commission of a crime
- Contributing to the commission or attempted commission of a crime by a group of people with a common purpose
Penalties for Criminal Involvement
- Any person found guilty of committing a crime under Sections 4, 5, and 6 of the Act shall be punished with:
- Reclusion perpetua (medium to maximum period)
- A fine ranging from ₱100,000.00 to ₱500,000.00
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