Criminal Law Scenarios

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Questions and Answers

A police officer witnesses a suspect commit a minor traffic violation. Under what circumstances would the officer be justified in making an arrest?

  • Only if the offense qualifies as an arrestable offense under applicable law, even if it's a minor traffic violation. (correct)
  • If the suspect is driving a vehicle that appears to be unregistered.
  • If the suspect refuses to provide identification to the officer.
  • If the suspect is known to the officer to have a history of reckless driving.

Which of the following scenarios describes a situation where an officer would be justified in using deadly force?

  • To prevent a suspect from fleeing the scene of a non-violent property crime.
  • When a suspect verbally threatens an officer but makes no physical advances.
  • To subdue a suspect resisting arrest for a misdemeanor offense.
  • When an officer reasonably believes the suspect poses an imminent threat of death or serious bodily harm to the officer or others. (correct)

What is the primary distinction between a cognizable offense and a non-cognizable offense?

  • In cognizable offenses, a police officer can arrest without a warrant; in non-cognizable offenses, they generally cannot. (correct)
  • Cognizable offenses involve physical harm, while non-cognizable offenses involve only property damage.
  • Cognizable offenses are investigated by federal agencies, while non-cognizable offenses are handled by local police.
  • Cognizable offenses require a warrant for arrest, while non-cognizable offenses do not.

A man finds a wallet on the street containing $500 and several credit cards. He uses one of the credit cards to buy groceries. What offense has he most likely committed?

<p>Theft. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tenant is evicted from their apartment. Angered, they return and damage the property, causing $1,000 worth of damage. What crime did they commit?

<p>Criminal Mischief. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A group of protesters gathers outside a government building, chanting slogans and peacefully holding signs. Police order them to disperse, but they refuse. What offense, if any, have they committed?

<p>Unlawful Assembly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A shoplifter steals a $20 item from a store. Upon being confronted by security, they punch the guard and flee. What is the most serious offense committed?

<p>Robbery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard of proof required for a police officer to obtain a warrant for a search?

<p>Probable Cause (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An officer pulls over a vehicle for speeding. During the stop, they notice a bag of what appears to be illegal drugs in plain view on the passenger seat. What is the legal justification for the officer to seize the drugs?

<p>The Plain View Doctrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person knowingly provides false information to a police officer during an investigation. What offense might this constitute?

<p>Obstruction of Justice. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances is a police officer generally required to read a suspect their Miranda rights?

<p>Prior to a custodial interrogation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person breaks into a house with the intent to steal jewelry. They are caught before they can take anything. What crime have they committed?

<p>Burglary. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person makes repeated, unwanted phone calls to another person, causing them significant distress. What crime did they commit?

<p>Harassment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A government official accepts money in exchange for awarding a lucrative contract to a specific company. What offense has the official committed?

<p>Bribery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person spreads false and malicious rumors about another person, damaging their reputation. What offense might this constitute?

<p>Defamation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Exclusionary Rule' in criminal procedure?

<p>To deter police misconduct by suppressing evidence obtained in violation of the Constitution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A police officer stops a vehicle based on a reasonable suspicion that the driver is involved in criminal activity. During the stop, the officer conducts a limited search of the vehicle for weapons. What is this type of search called?

<p>Protective Sweep. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of criminal law, what does 'mens rea' refer to?

<p>The mental state or intent of the offender. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An individual is charged with a crime and cannot afford an attorney. What constitutional right guarantees them the right to legal representation?

<p>Sixth Amendment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person is arrested for a crime. They are released from custody after posting bail. What is the primary purpose of bail?

<p>To ensure the accused appears in court for trial. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Deadly Force

Use of force likely to cause death or great bodily harm.

Lawful Arrest

The legal authority to deprive a person of freedom of movement.

Cognizable Offenses

Crimes where police can arrest without a warrant.

Non-Cognizable offenses

Offenses require a warrant for arrest.

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Wrongful Restraint

Wrongful restraint restricting movement.

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Wrongful Confinement

Wrongful confinement leading to restricted movement.

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Criminal Force

Intentional use of force without consent.

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Offensive Force

Force used to commit an offense.

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Harbouring Offender

Harboring an offender to evade justice.

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Assaulting Public Servant

Using violence against a public servant.

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Kidnapping from Lawful Guardianship

Kidnapping from lawful guardianship.

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Compelled

Act of compelling someone through force or threats.

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Wrongful Detention

Detention of a person without legal justification.

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Conspiracy

An agreement between two or more people to commit an unlawful act.

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Ransom

Payment demanded for the release of a kidnap victim.

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Corroboration

Evidence that confirms or supports a statement, theory, or finding.

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Deception

The act of intentionally deceiving someone.

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