Criminal Law Chapters 2-4

Those specified in Article 17

A person who cooperates in the execution of the offense by previous or simultaneous acts, but is not a principal.

Spouses, ascendants, descendants, legitimate, natural, and adopted brothers and sisters, or relatives by affinity within the same degrees.

<p>The penalty must be prescribed by law prior to the commission of the offense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yes, if it favors the person guilty of a felony and they are not a habitual criminal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Habitual criminals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A penal law can still have a retroactive effect even after a final sentence has been pronounced and the convict is serving the sentence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that a felony is only punishable by a penalty prescribed by law prior to its commission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Justifying circumstances do not incur any criminal liability, whereas circumstances that exempt from criminal liability lead to exemption from liability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Article 13 outlines mitigating circumstances, which are factors that reduce the severity of criminal liability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alternative circumstances are taken into consideration to determine whether they should be considered as aggravating or mitigating circumstances based on the nature and effects of the crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intoxication is considered a mitigating circumstance when the offender commits a felony in a state of intoxication, but only if it is not habitual or subsequent to the plan to commit the felony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relationship between the offender and the offended party can be considered as an alternative circumstance, particularly if the offended party is a spouse, ascendant, descendant, legitimate, natural, or adopted brother or sister, or relative by affinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Habitual or intentional intoxication is considered an aggravating circumstance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aggravating circumstances increase the severity of criminal liability, while mitigating circumstances reduce it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The degree of instruction and education of the offender is considered as an alternative circumstance to determine whether it should be considered as an aggravating or mitigating circumstance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To report to the Chief Executive, through the Department of Justice, the reasons why the court believes the act should be made subject to legislation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a strict enforcement of the provisions of the Code would result in the imposition of a clearly excessive penalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consummated, frustrated, and attempted felonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A consummated felony has all the necessary elements for its execution and accomplishment, whereas a frustrated felony lacks production of the felony due to independent causes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The offender commences the commission of a felony but does not perform all the acts of execution due to some cause or accident.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Those committed against person or property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The court reports to the Chief Executive through the Department of Justice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To submit a statement regarding the imposition of a clearly excessive penalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers