Questions and Answers
What does 'total institution' refer to?
Enclosed facilities separated from society where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives.
In addition to prisons, which of the following could be categorized as a total institution?
What process do new inmates undergo to learn about the prison subculture?
Prisonization
Jake is a ________.
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What is likely to characterize Angeline's experience in prison?
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Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of a female inmate?
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What are corrections officers primarily concerned with?
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What is one main influence on the culture of correctional staff?
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What were the riots in October 1995 primarily related to?
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How have prison gangs changed in recent years?
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Lisa's inability to vote after her conviction is an example of what?
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What was the primary policy of courts toward prison management prior to the 1960s?
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Which program could Vince identify as possibly being illegal?
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What has contributed to the increase in the number of elderly inmates today?
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What is true regarding sexual violence in prison?
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Which of the following describes a hedonist inmate?
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What does the importation model of prison subculture imply?
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Which type of female inmate does Sarah most likely represent?
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What is true concerning men's and women's prisons?
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What is an example of gender responsiveness in prisons?
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What does the term 'corrections officer' signify?
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What contributed to the growth of prison gangs in Texas during the 1980s?
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The ten years between 1970 and 1980 have been called the _________ of prison riots.
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What are prison gangs that threaten the safety of corrections staff called?
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What is a grievance procedure?
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What principle was established as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court case of Pell v. Procunier?
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What has the 1996 Prisoner Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) effectively reduced?
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Why are the rights of inmates conditional rather than absolute?
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What case held that challenges to prison conditions must show deliberate indifference by officials?
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What is true about mentally ill inmates?
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What can occur during religious services in prisons that relates to terrorism?
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What can be expected regarding Jeremy's experience in prison?
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Who do educational programs about HIV/AIDS primarily focus on in prison?
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What could happen if officers fail to prevent the spread of HIV?
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Study Notes
Total Institutions
- "Total institution" describes enclosed facilities like prisons, concentration camps, and mental hospitals that separate inhabitants from society.
- Erving Goffman introduced the term analyzing various total institutions, highlighting their impact on resident lives.
Prison Subcultures
- Prisonization refers to the socialization process where new inmates learn the norms and behaviors of the prison subculture.
- Colonizers view prison as their home, often finding support and a sense of power within the inmate community.
Female Inmates
- Female prisoners, particularly African American women, represent a significant demographic in state prisons, comprising 48% of the female inmate population.
- Many women in prison do not have frequent visits from their children due to logistical challenges, impacting their familial relationships.
Corrections Officers
- Corrections officers prioritize custody and control, which are essential for maintaining order in prisons before implementing rehabilitation programs.
- Increased training for officers aims to improve professionalism, moving from the outdated terminology of "guard" to "corrections officer."
Prison Gangs and Violence
- Prison gangs evolved into organized criminal networks, expanding their influence beyond prison walls and utilizing violence as a control mechanism.
- The explosive decade of prison riots (1970-1980) marked a significant period of unrest triggered by inmate grievances and systemic issues.
Legal Rights and Inmate Conditions
- The hands-off doctrine dominated court policies towards prisons until the 1960s, reflecting a non-interventional approach to prison management.
- Inmates’ constitutional rights are conditional, balancing individual rights against the correctional institution's security and order needs.
Impact of Legislation
- The Prisoner Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) successfully reduced the number of frivolous lawsuits by inmates related to prison conditions.
- The balancing test established by Pell v. Procunier evaluates the necessity of security needs against individual rights of prisoners.
Mental Health and Special Populations
- More women in prison are mentally ill than men, with significant percentages affected, highlighting gender disparities in mental health issues.
- Inmates with serious intellectual disabilities struggle to adjust to prison life, often serving longer portions of their sentences.
HIV/AIDS Awareness and Liability
- Correctional facilities often focus HIV/AIDS educational programs on staff rather than inmates, underscoring a gap in inmate health education.
- Civil liability may arise when staff fail to protect inmates from spreading known diseases like HIV, linking public health concerns to correctional practices.
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Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Chapter 14 of Criminal Justice. Covering key concepts such as 'total institutions' and various enclosed facilities, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of the material. Ideal for students preparing for exams or seeking a deeper comprehension of the topic.