Criminal Identification Procedures Quiz

Questions and Answers

What must be considered when determining a reasonable number of photographs for witness identification?

The location where the identification is conducted.

The time allocated for the identification process.

The number of witnesses present during the identification.

The physical characteristics of the identified mug shot compared to the photos viewed. (correct)

What is the right of a person during a photographic identification procedure?

The right to choose which photographs to view.

The right to have a legal guardian present.

The right to view the suspect before identification.

The right to have a lawyer present. (correct)

What happens if one witness makes a positive identification during a photographic procedure?

The witness must verify their identification with another photo.

The identification process must be repeated with different photographs.

All other witnesses must also attempt to identify the suspect.

Other witnesses will not try to identify the suspect in a similar manner. (correct)

What should an officer do with the photographic display after a line-up identification process?

Preserve the display for court presentation. Signup and view all the answers

What must happen if the photographic display cannot be returned to the investigative unit after the line-up?

It should be booked into evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of photographs required for a photographic identification, including the suspect's photo?

Six Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol should be followed when presenting the photographs during a line-up?

Present each photograph one at a time in random order Signup and view all the answers

What should be recorded on the Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12)?

Both positive and negative identifications Signup and view all the answers

Why might a photographic identification be used instead of a physical lineup?

The suspect is not in custody Signup and view all the answers

Who is recommended to present the photographic line-up to the witness?

An officer who does not know the identity of the suspect Signup and view all the answers

What must be included in the officer's report following the presentation of a photographic line-up?

A Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) Signup and view all the answers

What should an officer do before displaying the line-up photographs?

Read the admonition printed on the Line-Up Identification form Signup and view all the answers

What is a mug book or yearbook used for in the identification process?

When there is no particular suspect Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement regarding attorney presence during a photographic identification procedure?

No person has the right to have a lawyer present during the procedure. Signup and view all the answers

What should an officer do if witnesses are not able to positively identify the suspect during the photographic identification?

Witnesses not involved may later be asked to view the suspect in a formal line-up. Signup and view all the answers

Why should witnesses not be informed if they have identified the correct suspect in the photographic identification process?

Informing them could compromise future identification procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What must officers do with the photographic display after completing the line-up identification process?

They must preserve the photographic display for court presentation or book it into evidence. Signup and view all the answers

How should the evidence from the photographic display be handled if returning it to the investigative unit is not possible?

The photographic display should be booked into evidence. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of using an officer who does not know the identity of the suspect during a photographic identification.

Using an officer who is unaware of the suspect's identity helps to reduce bias and ensure the integrity of the identification process. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of recording both positive and negative identifications during a photographic line-up?

Recording both types of identifications provides a complete account of the witness's responses, which is essential for evaluating the validity of the identification. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to present photographs in a random order during a photographic identification?

Presenting photographs in a random order prevents the witness from guessing based on position and reduces the likelihood of identification bias. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of the Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12) in the photographic identification process.

The Line-Up Identification form records the details of the identification process, including the witness's observations and the outcomes of their identifications. Signup and view all the answers

What should an officer do before presenting photographs to a witness in a photographic line-up?

The officer must read and explain the admonition on the Line-Up Identification form to ensure the witness understands the sequential procedure. Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of not adhering to the established protocols during a photographic identification?

Failing to follow established protocols could lead to unreliable identifications, which may jeopardize legal proceedings or wrongfully implicate innocent individuals. Signup and view all the answers

When might officers resort to using a mug book or yearbook in the identification process?

Officers may use a mug book or yearbook when there is no specific suspect identified, providing a means for witnesses to recognize possible offenders. Signup and view all the answers

What specific actions must be taken after the photographic line-up is presented to a witness?

The witness must sign and date the Line-Up Identification form, while the officer should complete a Narrative/Supplemental Report detailing the event. Signup and view all the answers

A photographic identification can occur when the suspect is in custody.

False Signup and view all the answers

The required number of photographs for a photographic identification includes the suspect's photo and at least five fillers.

True Signup and view all the answers

The photographs in a lineup should be presented in a specific predetermined order.

False Signup and view all the answers

A separate Line-Up Identification form must be completed for each person viewing the photographic line-up.

True Signup and view all the answers

The officer presenting the line-up should have knowledge of the suspect's identity.

False Signup and view all the answers

After the line-up identification, both positive and negative identifications must be recorded in writing.

True Signup and view all the answers

A mug book or yearbook is utilized only when there is a particular suspect identified.

False Signup and view all the answers

Witnesses should not be informed if they have identified the correct suspect during the photographic identification process.

True Signup and view all the answers

Witnesses have a right to have a lawyer present during photographic identification procedures.

False Signup and view all the answers

Photographic displays used for witness identification must be preserved for future court presentations.

True Signup and view all the answers

If one witness positively identifies a suspect, all other witnesses are required to make a similar identification.

False Signup and view all the answers

Officers must immediately inform witnesses if they have identified the correct suspect during the identification process.

False Signup and view all the answers

The number of photographs shown to witnesses is determined entirely by the officer's discretion.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of photographs required to conduct a photographic identification, including the suspect's photo?

Six Signup and view all the answers

A photographic identification can only occur when the suspect is in custody.

False Signup and view all the answers

What should officers do before presenting photographs to a witness in a photographic line-up?

Read the admonition printed on form (Form 200-12) and confirm the witness understands the procedure. Signup and view all the answers

A separate Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12) must be completed for each person viewing the __________.

photographic line-up Signup and view all the answers

Match the following procedural steps with their corresponding actions in the photographic identifications process:

Obtain photographs = From approved sources like SJPD Investigative Search Present photographs = In a random and sequential order Record identifications = Including the witness's words regarding certainty Complete report = Using Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement during a photographic identification?

Inform witnesses about the suspect's identity Signup and view all the answers

The officer presenting the line-up should also know the identity of the suspect.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of photographs may be used when there is no particular suspect identified?

A mug book or yearbook Signup and view all the answers

What happens if one witness identifies a suspect positively during a photographic identification procedure?

Other witnesses are not asked to attempt a similar identification. Signup and view all the answers

Witnesses have a right to have a lawyer present during photographic identification procedures.

False Signup and view all the answers

What must an officer do with the photographic display after completing the line-up identification process?

Preserve the photographic display for presentation in court. Signup and view all the answers

A reasonable number of photographs for identification is determined by assessing the physical characteristics of the mug shot identified as compared to the number of photos viewed, which resemble the _____ .

mug shot Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steps with their respective actions in the identification process:

Preserve photographic display = For presentation in court later Return photographs to investigative unit = After the line-up procedure Ask other witnesses to identify suspect = If one witness makes a positive identification Keep identification results confidential = To avoid frustrating future identification procedures Signup and view all the answers

What must an officer do before emailing a search warrant to the court?

Obtain approval from the District Attorney's Office Signup and view all the answers

An electronic signature can be a scanned signature included in the affidavit.

True Signup and view all the answers

What email address should the officer send the search warrant and affidavit to?

<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> Signup and view all the answers

The officer should contact the ___________ for status updates if they do not receive a timely response from the Reviewing Judge.

Reviewing Judge's courtroom clerk Signup and view all the answers

Match each document with its purpose in the search warrant process:

Affidavit = Establishes reasonable cause Search Warrant = Allows legal search Email Description = Summarizes attached documents Signed Warrant = Serves as the original warrant Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Reviewing Judge contacting the officer?

To verify the electronic signature is genuine Signup and view all the answers

The signed warrant sent back to the officer is considered a copy and not the original warrant.

False Signup and view all the answers

How many days does the officer have to act after the judge signs the warrant?

10 days Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photographic Identification Procedures

Photographic identifications involve a witness viewing a series of photographs to identify a perpetrator, typically used when a physical lineup is not feasible.
The process requires including the suspect's photo and at least five fillers to ensure a fair identification opportunity.

Line-Up Protocol

Photos are to be presented sequentially, one at a time, in a random order without drawing undue attention to any specific image.
The officer presenting the lineup should ideally be unaware of the suspect's identity to prevent bias.

Photo Sourcing and Organization

Obtain photographs from verified sources, such as SJPD Investigative Search, DMV, or Santa Clara County photo databases.
Record the random order of photographs using the San Jose Police Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12).
Each witness must have a separate Line-Up Identification form completed for their identification process.

Witness Interaction

Read the admonition from Form 200-12 prior to the identification process and ensure the witness understands the sequential format.
Present each photograph individually, removing each one before presenting the next.
Document both positive and negative identifications along with the witness's verbal certainty on the Line-Up Identification form.

Documentation and Evidence

Collect signatures and dates from witnesses on the results of the identification.
The presenting officer must complete a Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) in addition to the Line-Up Identification form.

Mug Books/Yearbooks Usage

Mug books or yearbooks may be utilized when no specific suspect is known, ensuring witnesses view a reasonable number of photographs.
The definition of a reasonable number depends on the physical characteristics of the identified mug shot relative to similar images viewed.

Legal Considerations

Individuals do not have the right to have a lawyer present during the photographic identification process.

Post-Identification Procedure

If a witness makes a positive identification that provides probable cause for arrest, other witnesses are not asked for additional identifications.
Non-participating witnesses may view the suspect during a formal lineup, but must not be informed of any previous identifications to maintain integrity in the process.

Evidence Preservation

The photographic display viewed by the witness must be preserved for court presentation.
Completed Line-Up Identification forms and photographs should be returned to the appropriate investigative unit or booked into evidence if necessary. The investigating officer will eventually integrate these into the case file.

Photographic Identification Procedures

Photographic identifications involve a witness viewing a series of photographs to identify a perpetrator, typically used when a physical lineup is not feasible.
The process requires including the suspect's photo and at least five fillers to ensure a fair identification opportunity.

Line-Up Protocol

Photos are to be presented sequentially, one at a time, in a random order without drawing undue attention to any specific image.
The officer presenting the lineup should ideally be unaware of the suspect's identity to prevent bias.

Photo Sourcing and Organization

Obtain photographs from verified sources, such as SJPD Investigative Search, DMV, or Santa Clara County photo databases.
Record the random order of photographs using the San Jose Police Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12).
Each witness must have a separate Line-Up Identification form completed for their identification process.

Witness Interaction

Read the admonition from Form 200-12 prior to the identification process and ensure the witness understands the sequential format.
Present each photograph individually, removing each one before presenting the next.
Document both positive and negative identifications along with the witness's verbal certainty on the Line-Up Identification form.

Documentation and Evidence

Collect signatures and dates from witnesses on the results of the identification.
The presenting officer must complete a Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) in addition to the Line-Up Identification form.

Mug Books/Yearbooks Usage

Mug books or yearbooks may be utilized when no specific suspect is known, ensuring witnesses view a reasonable number of photographs.
The definition of a reasonable number depends on the physical characteristics of the identified mug shot relative to similar images viewed.

Legal Considerations

Individuals do not have the right to have a lawyer present during the photographic identification process.

Post-Identification Procedure

If a witness makes a positive identification that provides probable cause for arrest, other witnesses are not asked for additional identifications.
Non-participating witnesses may view the suspect during a formal lineup, but must not be informed of any previous identifications to maintain integrity in the process.

Evidence Preservation

The photographic display viewed by the witness must be preserved for court presentation.
Completed Line-Up Identification forms and photographs should be returned to the appropriate investigative unit or booked into evidence if necessary. The investigating officer will eventually integrate these into the case file.

Photographic Identification Procedures

Photographic identifications involve a witness viewing a series of photographs to identify a perpetrator, typically used when a physical lineup is not feasible.
The process requires including the suspect's photo and at least five fillers to ensure a fair identification opportunity.

Line-Up Protocol

Photos are to be presented sequentially, one at a time, in a random order without drawing undue attention to any specific image.
The officer presenting the lineup should ideally be unaware of the suspect's identity to prevent bias.

Photo Sourcing and Organization

Obtain photographs from verified sources, such as SJPD Investigative Search, DMV, or Santa Clara County photo databases.
Record the random order of photographs using the San Jose Police Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12).
Each witness must have a separate Line-Up Identification form completed for their identification process.

Witness Interaction

Read the admonition from Form 200-12 prior to the identification process and ensure the witness understands the sequential format.
Present each photograph individually, removing each one before presenting the next.
Document both positive and negative identifications along with the witness's verbal certainty on the Line-Up Identification form.

Documentation and Evidence

Collect signatures and dates from witnesses on the results of the identification.
The presenting officer must complete a Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) in addition to the Line-Up Identification form.

Mug Books/Yearbooks Usage

Mug books or yearbooks may be utilized when no specific suspect is known, ensuring witnesses view a reasonable number of photographs.
The definition of a reasonable number depends on the physical characteristics of the identified mug shot relative to similar images viewed.

Legal Considerations

Individuals do not have the right to have a lawyer present during the photographic identification process.

Post-Identification Procedure

If a witness makes a positive identification that provides probable cause for arrest, other witnesses are not asked for additional identifications.
Non-participating witnesses may view the suspect during a formal lineup, but must not be informed of any previous identifications to maintain integrity in the process.

Evidence Preservation

The photographic display viewed by the witness must be preserved for court presentation.
Completed Line-Up Identification forms and photographs should be returned to the appropriate investigative unit or booked into evidence if necessary. The investigating officer will eventually integrate these into the case file.

Photographic Identification Procedures

Photographic identifications involve a witness viewing a series of photographs to identify a perpetrator, typically used when a physical lineup is not feasible.
The process requires including the suspect's photo and at least five fillers to ensure a fair identification opportunity.

Line-Up Protocol

Photos are to be presented sequentially, one at a time, in a random order without drawing undue attention to any specific image.
The officer presenting the lineup should ideally be unaware of the suspect's identity to prevent bias.

Photo Sourcing and Organization

Obtain photographs from verified sources, such as SJPD Investigative Search, DMV, or Santa Clara County photo databases.
Record the random order of photographs using the San Jose Police Line-Up Identification form (Form 200-12).
Each witness must have a separate Line-Up Identification form completed for their identification process.

Witness Interaction

Read the admonition from Form 200-12 prior to the identification process and ensure the witness understands the sequential format.
Present each photograph individually, removing each one before presenting the next.
Document both positive and negative identifications along with the witness's verbal certainty on the Line-Up Identification form.

Documentation and Evidence

Collect signatures and dates from witnesses on the results of the identification.
The presenting officer must complete a Narrative/Supplemental Report (Form 200-3A-AFR) in addition to the Line-Up Identification form.

Mug Books/Yearbooks Usage

Mug books or yearbooks may be utilized when no specific suspect is known, ensuring witnesses view a reasonable number of photographs.
The definition of a reasonable number depends on the physical characteristics of the identified mug shot relative to similar images viewed.

Legal Considerations

Individuals do not have the right to have a lawyer present during the photographic identification process.

Post-Identification Procedure

If a witness makes a positive identification that provides probable cause for arrest, other witnesses are not asked for additional identifications.
Non-participating witnesses may view the suspect during a formal lineup, but must not be informed of any previous identifications to maintain integrity in the process.

Evidence Preservation

The photographic display viewed by the witness must be preserved for court presentation.
Completed Line-Up Identification forms and photographs should be returned to the appropriate investigative unit or booked into evidence if necessary. The investigating officer will eventually integrate these into the case file.

Obtaining Search Warrant Procedure

An officer must prepare an affidavit and search warrant establishing reasonable cause to conduct a search.
Approval is required from the District Attorney's Office before proceeding with the search warrant process.

Submission of Documents

The officer sends an electronic PDF of the draft search warrant, affidavit, and supporting documents to [email protected].
The email must include a brief description of attached documents, the total number of pages, and the officer’s contact phone number.
Affidavit may include a scanned or digital signature, which must convey the intent of being a signature.

Review Process

A Supervising Judge receives the email and assigns it to an available reviewing judge, copying both the officer and reviewing judge in the assignment email.
The reviewing judge may reach out to the officer to clarify any issues regarding the probable cause or document authenticity.
If questions arise, the officer should revise the affidavit and re-submit the request, as information from phone calls isn't typically admissible.

Judge's Actions

The reviewing judge checks the submitted documents and, if acceptable:
- Signs the warrant.
- Records the date and time on the warrant.
- Sends the signed warrant back to the officer via email.

Finalization of Warrant

The signed warrant returned to the officer is considered the "original warrant."
The officer is authorized to print and execute this warrant just like a traditional hard-copy warrant.

Deadline Post-Signing

The officer must take action within 10 days after the judge signs the warrant, specifics on further actions weren't listed in the provided text.

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Description

Test your knowledge on photographic identification procedures and line-up protocols used in criminal investigations. This quiz covers the importance of fairness in witness identification and the proper sourcing of photographs for line-ups. Assess your understanding of best practices in witness interaction and photo organization.