Criminal Forensic Analysis Chapter 1
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Criminal Forensic Analysis Chapter 1

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of methamphetamine spectra?

  • Presence of -OH stretching band near 3600 cm-1
  • Presence of -NH2 stretching band near 3500 cm-1
  • Absence of -OH stretching band near 3600 cm-1 (correct)
  • Presence of -CH3 stretching band near 3000 cm-1
  • What is an advantage of fingerprint development by straight reflective spectral imaging?

  • It is only applicable to visible fingerprints
  • It does not require chemicals to develop the prints (correct)
  • It is a time-consuming process
  • It requires chemicals to develop the prints
  • What is a benefit of using direct laser excitation methods in drug analysis?

  • It allows for rapid analysis with direct laser beam excitations (correct)
  • It is a time-consuming process
  • It requires complex sample preparation
  • It is only applicable to certain types of drugs
  • What is a characteristic of latent fingerprints?

    <p>They cannot be visually observed without a development process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using chemicals to develop latent fingerprints?

    <p>One method may not work, and the existing chemical could interfere with additional chemicals added</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the image obtained using oil, protein and particulate matter-specific absorbance modes?

    <p>It shows the ridge patterns produced by the oil deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an application of Raman spectroscopy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of fingerprint development method?

    <p>Straight reflective spectral imaging method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of field portable Raman spectrographs?

    <p>They make field analysis simple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength of the IR spectroscopic region used to develop latent fingerprints?

    <p>Not specified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Criminal Forensic Analysis

    • Physical evidence can be individual characteristics (e.g., fingerprints and handwriting) or class characteristics (e.g., fibers and copy toners).
    • Common fibers (e.g., blue or white cotton from jeans or shirts) have little evidential value, but unusual fibers have more significant value due to their rarity.

    Applications of Evidential Material Analysis

    Drugs

    • IR spectroscopy can identify drugs and related chemicals using the computerized IR drug library at the Georgia Bureau of Investigation.
    • The library contains over 2000 spectra of drugs and related chemicals.
    • Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine have distinct spectral features between 1000 and 1300 cm-1, allowing for identification.
    • The reduction reaction of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine to methamphetamine removes the –OH group attached to the carbon next to the phenyl group.

    Documents

    • IR spectroscopy can provide valuable information about the composition of a document.
    • Applications of IR spectroscopy in document examination include:
      • Ink analysis: different types of inks have unique spectral fingerprints.
      • Paper analysis: different types of paper have unique spectral fingerprints.
      • Adhesive analysis: different types of adhesives have unique spectral fingerprints.
      • Alteration detection: IR spectroscopy can detect alterations made to a document.

    Raman Spectroscopy in Drugs Analysis

    • Raman spectroscopy has attracted interest in drug analysis due to its ability to analyze drugs without sample preparation.
    • Direct laser excitation methods enable rapid analysis of drug samples in plastic bags or bottles.

    Fingerprint Analysis

    • Forensic spectral imaging applications involve developing ridge patterns of latent fingerprints using IR spectroscopy.
    • This non-invasive method does not require chemicals, preserving any trace evidence within the area of the print.
    • IR spectroscopic regions can develop images of latent fingerprints, allowing for component analysis (e.g., oil, protein, and particulate matter).

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    Description

    This quiz explores the application of vibrational spectroscopy in criminal forensic analysis, including the identification and comparison of physical evidence in criminal investigations.

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