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Questions and Answers
Match the legal terms with their definitions:
Match the legal terms with their definitions:
reservation = a legal way of making a provision less enforceable than it might otherwise be criminal law = the branch of law dealing with crimes and their punishment civil law = all law that does not involve criminal matters, such as tort and contract law defendant = the person against whom a claim is made
Match the types of offenses with their descriptions:
Match the types of offenses with their descriptions:
felony = a serious criminal offense punishable by a prison sentence of more than one year misdemeanor = a criminal offense less serious than a felony, punishable by a prison sentence of one year or less civil action = a noncriminal lawsuit, brought to enforce a right or redress a wrong prosecutor = the state or federal government's attorney in a criminal case
Match the legal standards with their context:
Match the legal standards with their context:
beyond a reasonable doubt = the level of proof required to convict a person of a crime preponderance of the evidence = the standard of proof used in a civil suit precedent = court decision on a legal question that guides future decisions extradition = the legal process in which one country or state asks another to surrender a criminal
Match the types of laws with their descriptions:
Match the types of laws with their descriptions:
Match the roles in a legal case with their functions:
Match the roles in a legal case with their functions:
Match the types of court proceedings with their characteristics:
Match the types of court proceedings with their characteristics:
Match the terms related to legal processes with their meanings:
Match the terms related to legal processes with their meanings:
Match the elements of law with their explanations:
Match the elements of law with their explanations:
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Study Notes
Legal Terminology and Concepts
- Reservation: A legal mechanism to make a provision less enforceable than typical.
- Criminal Law: Governs crimes, specifying offenses and punishments associated with violating such laws.
- Felony: Serious offense, typically punishable by over one year in prison.
- Misdemeanor: Less serious crime, punishable by a year or less in prison.
- Civil Law: Encompasses non-criminal matters, focusing on private rights involving torts and contracts.
- Civil Action: A lawsuit aimed at enforcing rights or seeking redress for a wrong, not involving criminal charges.
- Defendant: The individual against whom a legal claim is asserted in court.
- Plaintiff: The injured party in a civil case initiating legal action against the alleged wrongdoer.
- Prosecutor: Attorney representing the state or federal government in criminal cases.
- Beyond a Reasonable Doubt: The stringent standard of proof required for convicting someone of a crime.
- Preponderance of the Evidence: Standard of proof in civil cases, requiring that evidence is more convincing than the opposing side's.
- Statutes: Formal written laws passed by legislative bodies.
- Ordinance: Local laws enacted by counties or cities.
- Bill: A proposal for new legislation under consideration by a legislature.
- Legislative Intent: The intended meaning of a law as understood by the lawmakers who enacted it.
- Public Hearings: Open proceedings allowing public participation and input on legislative matters.
- Trial: Formal court proceeding for resolving legal disputes or accusations.
- Appeals Court: Court that reviews decisions made by lower trial courts, addressing potential legal errors.
- Precedent: Established court decisions that guide future cases with similar legal questions.
- Extradition: Legal process where one jurisdiction requests the surrender of a suspected or convicted criminal by another.
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