Crime Scene Investigation: Fingerprint Evidence
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of this lesson plan?

  • To discuss the physical process by which fingerprints are formed
  • To practice locating, developing, and lifting latent fingerprints from various surfaces (correct)
  • To identify the equipment needed to record suspect and elimination fingerprints
  • To identify the basic evidentiary value of fingerprints found at a crime scene

    • What is the purpose of obtaining both suspect and elimination fingerprint impressions?

  • To differentiate between latent and patent fingerprints
  • To identify the quality of fingerprint impressions
  • To identify the reasons for obtaining both suspect and elimination fingerprint impressions is not provided in the text (correct)
  • To determine the pattern groups used to classify fingerprints

    • What is the purpose of rolling fingerprints on standard ten-print cards?

  • To practice locating latent fingerprints from various surfaces
  • To demonstrate the method used to retrieve fingerprints from various surfaces
  • To practice recording suspect and elimination fingerprints (correct)
  • To identify the three pattern groups used to classify fingerprints

    • What will the trainees be able to do after completing this lesson?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the timeframe allocated for this lesson?

    <p>6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was this lesson plan prepared?

    <p>November 20, 2008</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of having the subject wash their hands before taking their fingerprints?

    <p>To remove perspiration and dirt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the color of a good fingerprint impression?

    <p>Dark gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the subject's fingers be held straight and stiff during the plain impression process?

    <p>To ensure a level plane at the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause poorly prepared fingerprint records?

    <p>Too much ink used and unevenly distributed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might ridge characteristics be indistinct in some individuals?

    <p>Due to the subject's occupation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a digit is missing during the recording process?

    <p>Mark the space for the missing digit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of a fingerprint?

    <p>98% perspiration, 1% amino acids, and 1% oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of fingerprint pattern found in the population?

    <p>Loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a flashlight to locate fingerprints at a crime scene?

    <p>To shine light at a 45-degree angle to the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process used to detect oils in perspiration at a crime scene?

    <p>Iodine fuming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between rolled and plain (PAT) fingerprint impressions?

    <p>Rolled impressions are used for identification, while plain impressions are used for elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the system used to store and retrieve fingerprint cards for comparison?

    <p>Fingerprint classification system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a two-part system on the standard 10-print record card?

    <p>To record basic pedigree information and rolling of all 10 digits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using printer's or commercial fingerprint ink?

    <p>It reduces smudging and maintains consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a glass plate in fingerprint recording equipment?

    <p>To hold the ink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary precaution to take when dusting for fingerprints at a crime scene?

    <p>Use a light movement of the brush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fingerprint Evidence

    • Fingerprint is a deposit consisting of 98% perspiration, 1% amino acids, and 1% oil that forms on the friction ridges of fingers, palms, and feet, and is left on a surface when contact is made.

    Factors Affecting Fingerprint Impression Quality

    • Condition of the hand: • Must be clean and dry • Age can affect the friction ridges • Occupation of subject can affect the friction ridges
    • Type of Surface: • Smooth, hard, clean surfaces are most likely to reveal prints • Rough, porous, dusty, dirty, or greasy surfaces are least likely to reveal fingerprint impressions • Atmospheric conditions

    Fingerprint Classification

    • Fingerprints are classified into three pattern types and eight sub-groups: • Arches (5% of population) • Loops (60% of population) • Whorls (35% of population)

    Fingerprint Impressions

    • There are three types of fingerprint impressions: • Patent (visible) • Latent (invisible) • Plastic (molded)

    Fingerprint Recording Equipment and Process

    • Standard 10-Print Record Card: • Currently used by most law enforcement agencies • Allows recording of basic pedigree information and rolling of all 10 digits
    • Recording Process: • Preparation: clean hands, glass plate, ink, and roller • Rolling Impressions:
      • Have subject sign 10-print card
      • Roll four fingers away from center of subject's body
      • Roll thumbs toward center of subject's body
      • Apply steady/even downward pressure • Plain (PAT) Impressions:
      • Have subject sign 10-print card
      • Subject holds fingers together straight and stiff
      • Finger printer holds wrist and presses fingers simultaneously on ink pad, then onto print card in appropriate box

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    Description

    This lesson plan covers the physical process of fingerprint formation, types of impressions and patterns, and methods to obtain fingerprint evidence. Trainees will practice rolling fingerprints on standard ten-print cards.

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