Podcast
Questions and Answers
How do norms differ from values in shaping behavior?
How do norms differ from values in shaping behavior?
- Norms are enforced by law, while values are enforced by social customs.
- Norms are specific rules for particular situations, while values are general guidelines. (correct)
- Norms define what is right and wrong, while values define what is acceptable in society.
- Norms are general principles, while values are specific rules.
What is the primary function of a moral code within a group or organization?
What is the primary function of a moral code within a group or organization?
- To outline basic rules, values, and principles. (correct)
- To create a framework for political lobbying.
- To establish a set of financial regulations.
- To promote individual expression regardless of its impact on others.
Which of the following best describes deviance?
Which of the following best describes deviance?
- Behavior that differs from what is considered normal or ordinary. (correct)
- Behavior that supports the status quo.
- Behavior that strictly adheres to social norms.
- Behavior that is expected and common in all societies.
How do societies generally react to deviance that is considered 'bad or disapproved of'?
How do societies generally react to deviance that is considered 'bad or disapproved of'?
What is the key feature of formal sanctions against deviance?
What is the key feature of formal sanctions against deviance?
Which of the following scenarios represents a conflict between personal values and societal norms?
Which of the following scenarios represents a conflict between personal values and societal norms?
Why might a behavior considered deviant in one society be considered normal in another?
Why might a behavior considered deviant in one society be considered normal in another?
In what way does the Police Code of Ethics showcase the relationship between values and moral codes?
In what way does the Police Code of Ethics showcase the relationship between values and moral codes?
Which scenario illustrates a society prioritizing collective well-being over individual wealth accumulation?
Which scenario illustrates a society prioritizing collective well-being over individual wealth accumulation?
What is the relationship between deviance and the potential for social change?
What is the relationship between deviance and the potential for social change?
Flashcards
Values
Values
General principles or guidelines for how we should live, defining what is right, wrong, good, and bad.
Norms
Norms
Specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern behavior in particular situations.
Moral code
Moral code
A set of basic rules, values, and principles held by a group, organization, or society.
Deviance
Deviance
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Formal sanctions
Formal sanctions
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Study Notes
- Crime and deviance challenge accepted values and norms.
Norms and Values
- Values are general principles that guide how we should live, defining what is right, wrong, good, and bad.
- Norms are specific rules or socially accepted standards governing behavior in particular situations.
- Respect for human life is a universally found value.
- The UK and the USA place a high value on accumulating persona wealth.
- Native American societies place a high value on individuals sharing their wealth with their group.
- Cultures valuing respect for elders have specific norms about how elders are to be approached or addressed.
- It may be forbidden to look directly at them, interrupt them, or disagree with them openly.
Moral Codes
- A moral code, also known as an ethical code or code of ethics, describes basic rules, values and principles held by a collective.
- The Police Code of Ethics is a written guide of principles and standards for officers.
- Accountability, integrity, openness, fairness, leadership, respect, honesty, objectivity, and selflessness are policing principles.
- Fairness requires officers to oppose discrimination and make decisions without prejudice.
- Police forces require officers to sign the Code to show their commitment to its principles.
Defining Deviance
- Deviance is any unusual behavior
- Deviance can be behaviour that is unusual and good, such as heroically risking one's own life to save someone.
- Deviance can be behaviour that is unusual, eccentric or bizarre, such as talking to trees or hoarding newspapers.
- Deviance can be behaviour that is unusual, bad, or disapproved of, such as physically attacking someone for no reason.
- Deviance involves doing something forbidden or regarded as unacceptable, breaking a rule or norm.
- Rule-breaking leads to hostile reactions from others, possibly resulting in punishment.
Forms of Deviance
- Societies have rules, deviance is breaking these rules, and it can range from serious to trivial.
- Examples include rape/murder/arson to queue-jumping.
Formal and Informal Sanctions Against Deviance
- Deviance regarded as praiseworthy or odd tends not to lead to punishments.
- Disapproved deviance leads to negative sanctions (punishments of various kinds).
- Formal sanctions are imposed by official bodies, include police, courts, and schools.
- They are punishments for breaking formal rules or laws.
- Courts may fine for theft, and schools may exclude pupils for bullying.
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