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Questions and Answers
Match the cranial nerve to its function:
Match the cranial nerve to its function:
CN I - Olfactory = Sensory nerve - smell. CN II - Optic = Sensory - from retina. CN III - Oculomotor = Mixed & parasympathetic - motor to eye muscles. CN IV - Trochlear = Motor - superior oblique eye muscles. CN V - Trigeminal = Mixed - sensory from face and motor for chewing. CN VI - Abducens = Motor - abducts eye. CN VII - Facial = Sensory/motor - face and taste. CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear = Sensory - auditory. CN IX - Glossopharyngeal = Mixed - sensory from pharynx and motor to pharynx. CN X - Vagus = Mixed - sensory and motor for thoracic and abdominal viscera. CN XI - Spinal Accessory = Motor - to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius. CN XII - Hypoglossal = Motor - to tongue for speech.
What is the function of CN I - Olfactory?
What is the function of CN I - Olfactory?
Sensory nerve - smell.
What does CN II - Optic do?
What does CN II - Optic do?
Sensory - from retina.
What muscles are affected by CN III - Oculomotor?
What muscles are affected by CN III - Oculomotor?
What is the primary function of CN IV - Trochlear?
What is the primary function of CN IV - Trochlear?
What functions does CN V - Trigeminal serve?
What functions does CN V - Trigeminal serve?
What does CN VI - Abducens control?
What does CN VI - Abducens control?
What does CN VII - Facial nerve do?
What does CN VII - Facial nerve do?
What is the function of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear?
What is the function of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear?
What does CN IX - Glossopharyngeal control?
What does CN IX - Glossopharyngeal control?
What role does CN X - Vagus play?
What role does CN X - Vagus play?
What does CN XI - Spinal Accessory contribute to?
What does CN XI - Spinal Accessory contribute to?
What is the function of CN XII - Hypoglossal?
What is the function of CN XII - Hypoglossal?
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Study Notes
Olfactory Nerve (CN I)
- Sensory function related to smell
- Stroke in this region can lead to anosmia (loss of smell)
Optic Nerve (CN II)
- Sensory function; transmits visual information from the retina
- Stroke can cause blindness in the affected eye
Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)
- Mixed nerve with motor and parasympathetic functions
- Supplies 3 rectus eye muscles and inferior oblique for eye movement
- Controls iris constriction for adjusting light entry
Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)
- Motor nerve for the superior oblique muscle
- Responsible for pulling the top of the eye inward toward the nose
Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
- Mixed nerve with sensory and motor functions
- Sensory innervation from the eye region, maxilla, and mandible
- Motor function essential for chewing; consists of three branches
- Associated with trigeminal neuralgia, known as "suicide disease"
Abducens Nerve (CN VI)
- Motor function; responsible for abducting the eye
- Innervates the lateral rectus muscle
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
- Mixed nerve with sensory and motor functions
- Sensory innervation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
- Parasympathetic function to salivary and tear glands
- Motor function crucial for facial expressions
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)
- Sensory nerve involved in auditory perception
- Divided into two branches from the middle ear to the auditory cortex
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)
- Mixed nerve providing sensory input from the pharynx and posterior tongue (taste)
- Receives information from carotid and aortic receptors to monitor blood pressure and gas levels
- Motor functions include swallowing and gag reflex; parasympathetic to parotid salivary glands
Vagus Nerve (CN X)
- Mixed nerve with extensive sensory and motor functions
- Sensory from the pharynx, larynx, and various internal organs
- Responsible for monitoring heart and arterial function through chemo and baroreceptors
- Motor role in speech and swallowing; parasympathetic effects on thoracic and abdominal organs
- Damage can be fatal if the entire nerve is affected
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
- Motor nerve supplying the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
- Involved in coordination, proprioception, and swallowing
- Damage may hinder head rotation
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
- Motor nerve dedicated to tongue and throat function
- Essential for speech and swallowing; damage results in difficulty with these processes
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