Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the movement of most tongue muscles?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the movement of most tongue muscles?
- The accessory nerve
- The facial nerve
- The hypoglossal nerve (correct)
- The glossopharyngeal nerve
What functions are primarily associated with the vestibulocochlear nerve?
What functions are primarily associated with the vestibulocochlear nerve?
- Innervation of the pharynx
- Taste sensation and swallowing
- Hearing and balance (correct)
- Movement of facial muscles
Which of the following cranial nerves is mixed and innervates the mucous membranes of the lips and nasal cavity?
Which of the following cranial nerves is mixed and innervates the mucous membranes of the lips and nasal cavity?
- The olfactory nerve
- The abducens nerve
- The optical nerve
- The trigeminal nerve (correct)
What type of nerve is the vagus nerve classified as?
What type of nerve is the vagus nerve classified as?
What is a common consequence of damage to the spinal cord resulting in paralysis of all four limbs?
What is a common consequence of damage to the spinal cord resulting in paralysis of all four limbs?
Which cranial nerve is involved in the motor control of the neck muscles?
Which cranial nerve is involved in the motor control of the neck muscles?
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the human body?
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the human body?
Which of the following conditions results from an injury near the lower part of the spinal cord?
Which of the following conditions results from an injury near the lower part of the spinal cord?
What type of nerve is the trigeminal nerve?
What type of nerve is the trigeminal nerve?
Which cranial nerve innervates the pharynx and tongue mucous membrane?
Which cranial nerve innervates the pharynx and tongue mucous membrane?
Which condition is characterized by the loss of sensation and movement in the lower extremities?
Which condition is characterized by the loss of sensation and movement in the lower extremities?
What type of injury primarily causes damage to the nervous system?
What type of injury primarily causes damage to the nervous system?
Which nerve primarily controls the muscles in the neck?
Which nerve primarily controls the muscles in the neck?
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for hearing and balance?
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for hearing and balance?
How are spinal nerves categorized?
How are spinal nerves categorized?
What is the primary role of the vagus nerve?
What is the primary role of the vagus nerve?
What type of nerve is the hypoglossal nerve classified as?
What type of nerve is the hypoglossal nerve classified as?
What type of fibers are involved in the functions of the facial nerve?
What type of fibers are involved in the functions of the facial nerve?
Flashcards
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves
Twelve pairs of nerves that carry signals to and from the brain.
Trigeminal Nerve
Trigeminal Nerve
Largest cranial nerve, has sensory and motor functions, innervates face and some muscles.
Facial Nerve
Facial Nerve
Mixed nerve, controls facial expressions, tongue taste, and glands.
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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Vagus Nerve
Vagus Nerve
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Spinal Nerves
Spinal Nerves
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Paraplegia
Paraplegia
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Quadriplegia
Quadriplegia
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What are cranial nerves?
What are cranial nerves?
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What are spinal nerves?
What are spinal nerves?
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Trigeminal Nerve Function
Trigeminal Nerve Function
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Facial Nerve Function
Facial Nerve Function
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve Function
Vestibulocochlear Nerve Function
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Vagus Nerve Function
Vagus Nerve Function
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What is Paraplegia?
What is Paraplegia?
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What is Quadriplegia?
What is Quadriplegia?
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Spinal Nerve Components
Spinal Nerve Components
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Common Nervous System Damage Causes
Common Nervous System Damage Causes
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Study Notes
Cranial Nerves
- Trochlear nerve (n. trochlearis), Abducens nerve (n. abducens): Motor nerves controlling eyeball and eyelid muscles.
- Trigeminal nerve (n. trigeminus): Largest cranial nerve, both sensory and motor functions. Innervates facial skin, mucous membranes (lips, nasal cavity), teeth, eyeball parts, lacrimal glands, and masticatory muscles.
- Facial nerve (n. facialis): Mixed nerve. Innervates mimic muscles, transmits sensory stimuli from tongue, and innervates lacrimal glands and glands of lips/nasal cavity.
- Vestibulocochlear nerve (n. vestibulocochlearis): Sensory nerve for hearing and balance.
- Glossopharyngeal nerve (n. glossopharyngeus): Mixed nerve. Innervates pharynx muscles and sensory parts of pharynx and tongue mucous membrane.
- Vagus nerve (n. vagus): Mixed nerve. Innervates organs of the head, neck, chest, and abdomen.
- Accessory nerve (n. accessories): Motor nerve controlling neck muscles.
- Hypoglossal nerve (n. hypoglossus): Motor nerve controlling tongue muscles.
Spinal Nerves
- Spinal nerves: Mixed nerves interacting with the spinal cord for motor and sensory information from body periphery.
- Structure: 31 pairs formed by fusion of dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor) roots. A sensory ganglion is attached to the dorsal root.
- Parasympathetic fibers: Originate from a special center in the lumbar spinal cord, innervating pelvic organs.
Nervous System Damage & Diseases
- Causes: Fractures of spine/skull, tumors (bone/nerve tissue), blood vessel rupture/blockage, infections (viral/bacterial).
- Paraplegia: Loss of sensation and movement in lower extremities due to spinal cord injury.
- Quadriplegia (tetraplegia): Paralysis of all four limbs (from the neck down).
- Hemiplegia: Paralysis of lower face, arm, and leg on one side of body. Causes include stroke, trauma, and brain tumors.
- Poliomyelitis (polio): Highly contagious viral disease affecting the nervous system, predominantly children under 5.
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