41 Questions
Which cranial nerve is responsible for sensory input to the upper portion of the nose?
CN I (Olfactory)
Which cranial nerve is responsible for sensory input to the laryngopharynx?
CN X (Vagus)
Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste sensation to the body of the tongue's anterior 2/3?
CN VII (Facial Nerve)
Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
CN XI (Spinal accessory)
Which cranial nerve is responsible for sensory input to the root of the tongue's posterior 1/3?
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve)
Which cranial nerve is involved in regional anesthesia that blocks the maxillary nerve and parasympathetic function?
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Which nerve is responsible for motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle?
External branch of SLN
What is the sensory landmark for awake intubation?
Internal Laryngeal Nerve
From which cranial nerve are the motor fibers in the Pharyngeal Plexus derived, except for the stylopharyngeus muscle?
CN X
Which nerve supplies the lower vocal cords and larynx below the vocal cords?
Inferior Laryngeal Nerve
Which nerve supplies the upper vocal cords and larynx above the vocal cords?
Superior Laryngeal Nerve
What is the sensory function of the Inferior Laryngeal Nerve?
Lower vocal cords and larynx below vocal cords
Which nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle?
External Branch of SLN
What is the motor function of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve?
All muscles of larynx except cricothyroid muscle
Which artery supplies the nasal cavity?
All of the above
Which artery supplies Kiesselbach’s area, a common site of chronic EPISTAXIS?
labial artery (facial artery branch)
The Glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for sensory input to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
False
The Spinal accessory nerve is responsible for motor innervation of the palatoglossus muscle.
False
The Vagus nerve supplies motor innervation to the palatoglossus.
True
The Sphenopalatine ganglion receives preganglionic parasympathetic neurons from CN IX.
False
The Olfactory nerve is responsible for sensory input to the nasopharynx.
False
The Hypoglossal nerve is responsible for motor innervation of the palatoglossus muscle.
False
The pharyngeal plexus contains sensory and motor fibers derived from cranial nerve X (CN X).
True
The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (SNL) innervates the cricothyroid muscle.
True
The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) supplies motor innervation to all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle.
True
The inferior laryngeal nerve (a branch off RLN) provides sensory innervation to the lower vocal cords and larynx below the vocal cords.
True
Pectoral nerves innervate the pectoralis major and minor muscles, while the long thoracic nerve innervates the serratus anterior muscle.
True
The pulmonary plexus provides autonomic innervation to smooth muscle and glands of the lungs.
True
Sympathetic fibers of T1-T4 have a strong effect on airway diameter, including some vasoconstriction and inhibition of gland secretion.
False
The lingual artery is responsible for supplying the oropharynx.
False
Branches of superior and inferior thyroid arteries provide supply to the larynx.
True
Pulmonary veins are responsible for draining pulmonary vessels to parenchymal tissue, bronchioles, and alveoli.
True
Bronchial vessels supply vascular support to the stroma, conducting airways, and visceral pleura of the lungs.
True
The parietal pleura of the lungs is primarily supplied by the internal thoracic artery and intercostal artery.
True
Match the following nerves with their primary function:
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) = Motor innervation of all muscles (except cricothyroid muscle) of larynx Superior Laryngeal Nerve (SNL) = Internal Branch: Sensory to upper vocal cords and larynx above vocal cords, External Branch: Motor to cricothyroid muscle Inferior Laryngeal Nerve = Sensory to lower vocal cords and larynx below vocal cords Phrenic Nerve(s) = Sensory to entire diaphragm minus periphery, Motor to entire diaphragm
Match the following nerve blocks with their targeted muscles:
Pectoral nerves = Pectoralis major and minor Long thoracic nerve = Serratus anterior Phrenic Nerve(s) = Entire diaphragm Pulmonary plexus = Trachea and bronchial tree
Match the following nerve fibers with their primary function in the lungs:
Parasympathetic fibers = Secretomotor (glands of airways) and bronchoconstrictive (smooth muscle of airways) Sympathetic fibers (T1-T4) = Some vasoconstriction and inhibition of gland secretion Non-adrenergic/non-cholinergic (NANC) fibers = Inhibition of parasympathetic bronchoconstriction Visceral afferent fibers via CN X = Transmission of nociceptive and reflexive sensations, primarily from bronchopulmonary stretch receptors and irritant receptors
The posterior 1/3 of the tongue is innervated by ______ .
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)
The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (SNL) innervates the ______ muscle.
cricothyroid
The lingual artery is responsible for supplying the ______.
tongue
The sensory landmark for awake intubation is the ______.
Internal Laryngeal Nerve
Study Notes
Cranial Nerves and Their Functions
- Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory) is responsible for sensing the upper portion of the nose.
- Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal) is responsible for sensing pain, touch, and temperature in the body of the tongue, soft palate, external nose (but not the upper portion), paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx.
Taste and Touch Sensations
- Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve) is responsible for sensing taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and stimulating mucous gland production in the nose.
- Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal) is responsible for sensing taste, pain, and touch in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, and is involved in the afferent limb of the gag reflex.
Motor Functions
- Cranial Nerve X (Vagus) is involved in motor functions of the palate and laryngopharynx.
- Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal Accessory) is involved in motor functions of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
- Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal) is involved in motor functions of all muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus.
Pterygopalatine Ganglion
- The Pterygopalatine Ganglion (Sphenopalatine Ganglion/SPG) connects to the sphenopalatine nerve and lies inferior to Cranial Nerve V.
- It receives preganglionic parasympathetic neurons from Cranial Nerve VII.
- Regional anesthesia blocks the maxillary nerve, and parasympathetic block.
- Cholinergic neurons innervate cerebral blood vessels that dilate with stimulation.
Test your knowledge of innervations and blood supply to the Respiratory system
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