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Questions and Answers
The optic canal is an opening in the:
The optic canal is an opening in the:
Mandibular foramen transmits which of the following?
Mandibular foramen transmits which of the following?
The most appropriate muscle responsible for elevation of mandible is:
The most appropriate muscle responsible for elevation of mandible is:
The orbital margins superiorly are bounded by frontal bone & which other one laterally?
The orbital margins superiorly are bounded by frontal bone & which other one laterally?
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Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of a typical cervical vertebra?
Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of a typical cervical vertebra?
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If the blood accumulates between outer layer of Dura matter and cranial bone, the hemorrhage is known as:
If the blood accumulates between outer layer of Dura matter and cranial bone, the hemorrhage is known as:
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A person is bleeding profusely after a stab wound in front of the zygomatic arch. Bleeding is most likely from:
A person is bleeding profusely after a stab wound in front of the zygomatic arch. Bleeding is most likely from:
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Which of the following movement of the mandible would be affected by the injury to the nerve supplying the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Which of the following movement of the mandible would be affected by the injury to the nerve supplying the lateral pterygoid muscle?
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Infections may be spread from the nasal cavity to the meninges along the pathway of olfactory nerves as its fibers pass from the mucosa of the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb via the:
Infections may be spread from the nasal cavity to the meninges along the pathway of olfactory nerves as its fibers pass from the mucosa of the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb via the:
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Structures passing through the superior orbital fissure include:
Structures passing through the superior orbital fissure include:
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A 13 year olf girl complains of dryness of the nose, indicating a lesion of which of following ganglia:
A 13 year olf girl complains of dryness of the nose, indicating a lesion of which of following ganglia:
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Which of the following nerve is located in cavernous sinus?
Which of the following nerve is located in cavernous sinus?
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The arachnoid villi for cerebro-spinal fluid absorption protrude mainly in the:
The arachnoid villi for cerebro-spinal fluid absorption protrude mainly in the:
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The submandibular ganglion receives pre-ganglionic parasympathetic axons from which of the following cranial nerve?
The submandibular ganglion receives pre-ganglionic parasympathetic axons from which of the following cranial nerve?
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Which one of the following muscle would remain functional, if the nerves passing through the jugular foramen are severed as a result of cranial fracture?
Which one of the following muscle would remain functional, if the nerves passing through the jugular foramen are severed as a result of cranial fracture?
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An acoustic neuroma is a tumor of the Vestibulocochlear nerve as it exits the cranial cavity. Because this tumor compresses surrounding structures or invades nearby tissue, in addition to hearing loss & equilibrium problem such patientds would most likely demonstrate ipsilateral:
An acoustic neuroma is a tumor of the Vestibulocochlear nerve as it exits the cranial cavity. Because this tumor compresses surrounding structures or invades nearby tissue, in addition to hearing loss & equilibrium problem such patientds would most likely demonstrate ipsilateral:
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The middle ear:
The middle ear:
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Regarding lingual musculature, which of the following is correct?
Regarding lingual musculature, which of the following is correct?
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An abscess was surgically removed from the middle of the posterior triangle on the right side. During recovery the patient noticed that the shoulder drooped and he could no longer move his right hand above his head to brush his hair,
An abscess was surgically removed from the middle of the posterior triangle on the right side. During recovery the patient noticed that the shoulder drooped and he could no longer move his right hand above his head to brush his hair,
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The muscle forming the floor of the posterior triangle of neck is:
The muscle forming the floor of the posterior triangle of neck is:
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Following thyroidectomy hoarseness of voice may occur. The condition is caused by injury to:
Following thyroidectomy hoarseness of voice may occur. The condition is caused by injury to:
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What is the vertebral extent of thyroid gland?
What is the vertebral extent of thyroid gland?
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Which of the following nerves is related to the neck of the mandible?
Which of the following nerves is related to the neck of the mandible?
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Which of the following muscle is connecting Hyoid bone to the mandible?
Which of the following muscle is connecting Hyoid bone to the mandible?
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Nasolacrimal duct opens into:
Nasolacrimal duct opens into:
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Suprahyoid muscles comprise the following except:
Suprahyoid muscles comprise the following except:
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Which of the following is not forming the root of the neck?
Which of the following is not forming the root of the neck?
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This of the following is not sub-divisions of anterior triangle of neck?
This of the following is not sub-divisions of anterior triangle of neck?
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The carotid sheath:
The carotid sheath:
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Loss of sensation from the temporal region and loss of secretory function of the parotid gland would be caused by interruption of which of the following nerve:
Loss of sensation from the temporal region and loss of secretory function of the parotid gland would be caused by interruption of which of the following nerve:
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Which of the following passes through the parotid gland:
Which of the following passes through the parotid gland:
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Parotid duct of Stensen's open into the:
Parotid duct of Stensen's open into the:
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Which laryngeal muscle is NOT paired?
Which laryngeal muscle is NOT paired?
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A 60 year old man is unable to open his eye beause of a rare neuromuscular disease. Which of the following muscle would most likely be paralyzed?
A 60 year old man is unable to open his eye beause of a rare neuromuscular disease. Which of the following muscle would most likely be paralyzed?
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Which of the following structures does not pierce the Sclera?
Which of the following structures does not pierce the Sclera?
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Epiphyseal ends of long bones contain which of the following:
Epiphyseal ends of long bones contain which of the following:
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The organic component of bone matrix is produced by:
The organic component of bone matrix is produced by:
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Select the true example of pivot synovial joint:
Select the true example of pivot synovial joint:
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Which of the following is not the location of elastic cartilage?
Which of the following is not the location of elastic cartilage?
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All of the following cranial nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers except:
All of the following cranial nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers except:
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Which of the following bones ossify in membrane?
Which of the following bones ossify in membrane?
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Median opening present in roof of 4th ventricle is:
Median opening present in roof of 4th ventricle is:
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Which of the following nerve arises from dorsal surface of brain stem?
Which of the following nerve arises from dorsal surface of brain stem?
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Filum terminale is projection of:
Filum terminale is projection of:
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The stem of lateral sulcus contains:
The stem of lateral sulcus contains:
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A 60 year old man presented in casualty with stroke. He had facial palsy, squint and hemiplegia. The possible damage is at the level of:
A 60 year old man presented in casualty with stroke. He had facial palsy, squint and hemiplegia. The possible damage is at the level of:
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Study Notes
Cranial Nerves and Anatomy
- Optic Canal: Located in the temporal bone
- Mandibular Foramen: Transmits the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
- Elevation of Mandible: Primarily facilitated by the temporalis muscle
- Orbital Margins: Superiorly bounded by the frontal bone and laterally by the zygomatic bone
- Cervical Vertebrae: Characteristically feature a bifid spinous process
- Superior Orbital Fissure: Path for the abducens nerve, oculomotor nerve, and ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
- Cavernous Sinus: Houses the abducens, oculomotor and ophthalmic nerves
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Absorption: Occurs via arachnoid villi primarily within the superior sagittal sinus
- Submandibular Ganglion: Receives preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the facial nerve
- Jugular Foramen: Severance can result in loss of function for the styloglossus muscle.
- Vestibulocochlear Nerve Tumor: Compressing surrounding structures can cause hearing loss, balance issues, or facial paralysis on the same side as the tumor
- Middle Ear: Innervated by the vestibulocochlear nerve, communicates with the mastoid antrum, and contains the vestibular ganglion
- Lingual Muscles: Supplied primarily by the hypoglossal nerve; the genioglossus muscle depresses the tongue.
Head and Neck Anatomy and Physiology
- Hemorrhage Between Dura Matter and Cranial Bone: Known as an epidural hemorrhage
- Bleeding From Zygomatic Arch: Likely originates from the middle meningeal artery due to the injury location
- Lateral Pterygoid Muscle: Involved in mandibular depression. Damage to the nerve supplying it can affect this movement
- Infections from Nasal Cavity to Meninges: Spread via the olfactory nerve fibers through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
- Superior Orbital Fissure: Opening for the occulomotor, trochlear, and ophthalmic divisions of the trigeminal nerves.
- Posterior Triangle of Neck Floor: Formed primarily by the splenius capitis muscle
- Thyroidectomy and Voice Hoarseness: Possible nerve damage is to the recurrent laryngeal nerve
- Thyroid Gland: Extends from C5 to T1 vertebrae
- Neck of Mandible Nerve: The inferior alveolar nerve provides the sensation for the neck of the mandible
- Hyoid Bone Connection: The anterior belly of the digastric muscle connects the hyoid bone to the mandible
- Nasolacrimal Duct Opening: Into the vestibule of inferior meatus
- Suprahyoid Muscles: The digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid muscles all comprise the suprahyoid muscle group.
- Root of the Neck: Formed by the xiphisternum, first rib, the first thoracic vertebra, and the manubrium sterni,
- Carotid Sheath: Encloses the jugular vein and the vagus nerve, and fuses with the pleura inferiorly
- Temporal Region Sensation and Parotid Gland Function: Impaired if the facial nerve is damaged.
- Parotid Gland Passage: The external carotid artery passes through the parotid gland.
- Stensen's Duct Opening: Into the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the upper second molar
- Laryngeal Muscles: The posterior cricoarytenoid is the only unpaired laryngeal muscle
- Eye Opening Muscle: The muscle that is most likely paralyzed in the given scenario is the levator palpebrae superioris
- Sclera Piercing Structures: The optic nerve pierces the sclera but the vertical veins and ophthalmic nerves do not.
- Long Bones Epiphyses: Contains spongy bone
- Bone Matrix Organic Component Production: Osteoblasts
- Pivot Synovial Joint: The median atlanto-axial joint is an example of a pivot synovial joint.
- **Correct Answer for questions provided in the text**
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Description
Test your knowledge on cranial nerves and their anatomical structures with this quiz. Topics include key features like the optic canal, mandibular foramen, and the role of various nerves in the cervical region. Perfect for students of human anatomy or medical professionals seeking a refresher.
