Cranial Meninges Anatomy

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the cranial meninges?

  • They are glandular tissues responsible for CSF production.
  • They are membranous coverings protecting the brain and forming a framework for vessels. (correct)
  • They are a single-layered, delicate membrane covering the brain.
  • They are bony structures that encase the brain.

The subarachnoid space is crucial for the brain's normal function because it contains:

  • Nerve fibers directly connecting different brain regions.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (correct)
  • Adipose tissue that cushions the brain.
  • Arterial blood.

What is the name given to the cranial dura mater?

  • Pia mater
  • Arachnoid mater
  • Pachymeninx (correct)
  • Leptomeninx

The cranial dura mater consists of two layers. What happens to these two layers pertaining to the dural venous sinuses?

<p>The two layers separate to form dural venous sinuses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the spinal dura mater?

<p>A single meningeal layer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dural infoldings divide the cranial cavity into compartments, but what is their main function?

<p>To provide support and separate parts of the brain. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dural infolding divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments?

<p>Tentorium cerebelli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the falx cerebri attach anteriorly?

<p>Frontal crest of the frontal bone and crista galli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tentorial notch?

<p>It allows for the passage of the brainstem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The superior sagittal sinus is located within the convex attached border of which dural infolding?

<p>Falx cerebri (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures does the diaphragma sellae cover?

<p>Pituitary gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the dural venous sinuses MOST OFTEN drain?

<p>Internal jugular veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arachnoid granulations facilitate the transfer of CSF to the:

<p>Venous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inferior sagittal sinus runs in the inferior free border of the falx cerebri and joins which sinus?

<p>Straight sinus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is blood from the confluence of sinuses drained?

<p>Transverse sinuses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sigmoid sinuses eventually continue as which structure after traversing the jugular foramen?

<p>Internal jugular vein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cavernous sinus receives blood from all the following EXCEPT:

<p>Middle meningeal veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is NOT embedded in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

<p>Optic Nerve (CN II) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The superior petrosal sinus runs from the posterior ends of the cavernous sinus to the...

<p>Transverse sinuses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inferior petrosal sinuses drain the cavernous sinus directly into the:

<p>Sigmoid sinus at the jugular foramen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of emissary veins regarding their valves and direction of blood flow?

<p>They are valveless and blood can flow in both directions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle meningeal artery, supplying blood to the dura mater, enters the cranium through which foramen?

<p>Foramen spinosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From which nerve does the tentorial nerve originate?

<p>Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sensory information from the dura of the floor of the posterior cranial fossa is carried by which of the following?

<p>Spinal ganglia of C2 and C3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures connect the arachnoid and pia mater?

<p>Arachnoid trabeculae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the arachnoid mater?

<p>It is separated from the pia mater by the subarachnoid space. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the cranial pia mater?

<p>It adheres to the surface of the brain and follows all its contours. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a real or natural space, but rather develops pathologically or as a result of trauma?

<p>The dura-cranial interface (extradural space) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fracture of the pterion is particularly dangerous because it overlies:

<p>The frontal branches of the middle meningeal vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of thrombophlebitis of the facial vein?

<p>Thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leakage of CSF from the ear after a fracture suggests damage to which specific region?

<p>Middle cranial fossa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of a substantial blow to the head that detaches the periosteal layer of dura mater from the cranium, particularly in the cranial base?

<p>Tearing of the dura, leading to CSF leakage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Occlusion of the cerebral veins and dural venous sinuses can result from all the following EXCEPT:

<p>Increased CSF production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are patients asked to keep their heads down after a lumbar puncture?

<p>To minimize the pull on the dura (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which definition applies to the brain's cerebrum?

<p>Includes the cerebral hemispheres and basal ganglia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the CSF?

<p>To cushion the brain and protect it from blows to the head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Monro-Kellie doctrine says that a change in intracranial blood can occur only through:

<p>Displacement or replacement of CSF (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of blood supply to the brain?

<p>Internal carotid and vertebral arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the components listed are part of the cerebral arterial circle(circle of Willis)

<p>Anterior communicating, anterior cerebral, internal carotid, posterior communicating, and posterior cerebral arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with an abrupt, brief loss of consciousness immediately after a severe head injury. What is MOST LIKELY the cause?

<p>Cerebral concussion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An atheromatous plaque at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery results in:

<p>Acute cortical infarction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the cranial dura mater allows for the formation of dural venous sinuses?

<p>The separation of its two layers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the cranial dura mater layers at the cranial base?

<p>The two layers are firmly attached and difficult to separate from the bones. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do dural infoldings contribute to the structural integrity of the cranial cavity?

<p>By dividing the cranial cavity into compartments and providing support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of arachnoid granulations protruding into the dural venous sinuses?

<p>They facilitate the transfer of CSF from the subarachnoid space to the venous system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a tumor affecting the cavernous sinus. Considering the structures within its walls, which cranial nerve is MOST likely to be affected, leading to impaired eye abduction?

<p>Abducent nerve (CN VI) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with a condition affecting the bridging veins that connect the cerebral cortex to the superior sagittal sinus. What direct consequence might this patient experience?

<p>Increased intracranial pressure due to impaired venous drainage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following a head trauma, a patient exhibits CSF leakage from the nose (rhinorrhea). Damage to which structure is MOST likely the cause?

<p>Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the brain receive its arterial blood supply?

<p>Via the internal carotid and vertebral arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cerebral arterial circle (Circle of Willis)?

<p>To provide an anastomosis between the major arteries supplying the brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with an atheromatous plaque causing stenosis at the origin of the anterior cerebral artery. Which part of the brain is at the greatest potential risk of ischemia?

<p>Medial and superior surfaces of the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the cerebral spinal fluid is returned to the blood stream and which sinus does it flow into?

<p>The cerebral spinal fluid is absorbed by the arachnoid granulations, and drains into the superior sagittal sinus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true of subarachnoid cisterns?

<p>They are areas where the arachnoid and pia mater are widely separated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient presenting a head injury with an accumulation of blood pushing the dura mater away from the cranium. What type of space was created, and which artery if damaged, would be the most likely event?

<p>An extradural space has been created, with damage to the middle meningeal artery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A doctor is inserting a needle into a young child to perform a cisteneral puncture. Which landmark is the doctor most likely to target?

<p>The doctor will target the posterior cerebellomedullary cistren to collect Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, which of the following compensatory mechanisms can accommodate an increase in intracranial volume?

<p>Displacement or replacement of CSF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cranial Meninges

Membranous coverings of the brain that lie immediately within the cranium.

Dura Mater

Tough, thick external fibrous layer of the meninges.

Arachnoid Mater

Thin intermediate layer of the meninges

Pia Mater

Delicate, internal vascular layer of the meninges.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Leptomeninx

Continuous membranes consisting of the arachnoid and pia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Subarachnoid Space

CSF-filled space separating the arachnoid and pia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cranial Dura Mater

Thick, dense bilaminar membrane.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Extradural Space

Space between the dura and the cranium.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Falx Cerebri

Largest dural infolding, separates cerebral hemispheres.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tentorium Cerebelli

Second largest dural infolding, separates occipital lobes from cerebellum.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diaphragma Sellae

Smallest dural infolding, over the hypophysial fossa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dural Venous Sinuses

Endothelium-lined spaces between dural layers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Superior Sagittal Sinus

Lies in the attached border of the falx cerebri.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arachnoid Granulations

Protrusions of arachnoid into dural sinuses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferior Sagittal Sinus

Smaller than superior, runs in falx cerebri's free border.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Straight Sinus

Formed by union of inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transverse Sinuses

Pass laterally from confluence of sinuses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sigmoid Sinuses

Follow S-shaped courses in posterior cranial fossa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Occipital Sinus

Lies in the attached border of the falx cerebelli.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cavernous Sinuses

Located on each side of the sella turcica.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Intercavernous Sinuses

Connect cavernous sinuses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Emissary Veins

Connect dural venous sinuses with extra cranial veins.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arteries of the Dura

Supplies more blood to calvaria than to dura.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nerve Supply of Dura Mater

Innervates dura on floors of anterior and middle cranial fossa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arachnoid Mater and Pia Mater

Develop from single layer of mesenchyme.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Extradural Space

Extradural space from torn meningeal vessels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brain

The brain's controller and coordinator.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebrum

Includes cerebral hemispheres and basal ganglia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diencephalon

Composed of epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Midbrain

Rostral part of the brainstem.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pons

Brainstem part between midbrain and medulla.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Medulla Oblongata

Most caudal subdivision of the brainstem.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebellum

Large brain mass posterior to pons and medulla.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brain Ventricular System

Connected by cerebral aqueduct.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Ventricles

Cavities of the cerebral hemispheres.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interventricular Foramina

Connects lateral ventricles to 3rd ventricle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

3rd Ventricle

Continuous with cerebral aqueduct.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebral Aqueduct

Connects 3rd and 4th ventricles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

4th Ventricle

CSF drains into subarachnoid.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Subarachnoid Cisterns

Areas where arachnoid and pia are widely separated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebellomedullary Cistern

Receives CSF from apertures of 4th ventricle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interpeduncular Cistern

Located in interpeduncular fossa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chiasmatic Cistern

Inferior and anterior to optic chiasm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Quadrigeminal Cistern

Between posterior corpus callosum and cerebellum surface.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Choroid Plexuses

Modified ependymal cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CSF: Interventricular Foramina Location

Lateral ventricles through interventricular foramina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CSF Absorption Site

Through arachnoid granulations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blood Supply to Brain

Derived from terminal branches of internal carotid.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Related Documents

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser