Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which component of a microcomputer is responsible for controlling the entire system and performing central operations?
Which component of a microcomputer is responsible for controlling the entire system and performing central operations?
- CPU (Central Processing Unit) (correct)
- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
- Memory Module
- Datapath
What is the role of the datapath in a CPU?
What is the role of the datapath in a CPU?
- To control the flow of data and instructions
- To manage input and output devices
- To perform arithmetic operations (correct)
- To store instructions and data
In the context of CPU architecture, what does the term 'instruction' refer to?
In the context of CPU architecture, what does the term 'instruction' refer to?
- A component of the control unit
- A storage location for data
- A type of memory
- A command in machine language (correct)
What is an instruction set?
What is an instruction set?
What is the primary function of the Control Unit?
What is the primary function of the Control Unit?
How do input modules interface with memory in a computer system?
How do input modules interface with memory in a computer system?
What is the role of output modules in a computer system?
What is the role of output modules in a computer system?
Which operations are typically performed by the datapath?
Which operations are typically performed by the datapath?
What is the function of a 'branch' instruction?
What is the function of a 'branch' instruction?
What is the purpose of special instructions in Accumulator Architecture?
What is the purpose of special instructions in Accumulator Architecture?
In Stack Architecture, which special instructions are primarily used?
In Stack Architecture, which special instructions are primarily used?
Which of the following is true about Memory Architecture?
Which of the following is true about Memory Architecture?
What special instructions are characteristic of Load-Store Architecture?
What special instructions are characteristic of Load-Store Architecture?
In Compound Architectures, which special instructions are commonly used?
In Compound Architectures, which special instructions are commonly used?
How does hardware organization relate to the instruction set?
How does hardware organization relate to the instruction set?
Which of the following is an example of a data transfer operation?
Which of the following is an example of a data transfer operation?
What is the role of registers in the CPU?
What is the role of registers in the CPU?
Which of the following instruction types would be used to implement an if-else statement in a program?
Which of the following instruction types would be used to implement an if-else statement in a program?
How does the instruction count affect the performance of a program?
How does the instruction count affect the performance of a program?
What is implied by the term 'instruction class'?
What is implied by the term 'instruction class'?
Flashcards
CPU
CPU
The central processing unit, which controls the entire system and performs central operations.
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Performs arithmetic operations within the CPU.
Control Unit
Control Unit
Controls the flow of data and the ALU operations.
Memory Module
Memory Module
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Peripherals
Peripherals
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Instruction
Instruction
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Instruction Set
Instruction Set
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Memory Architecture
Memory Architecture
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Load-Store Architecture
Load-Store Architecture
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Study Notes
Inside a CPU
- Diagram shows a microcomputer's parts, including processor, memory, and input/output.
Parts of a Microcomputer
- The Central Processing Unit (CPU) controls the entire system and performs central operations.
- The datapath performs arithmetic operations.
- The control unit manages the flow of data and the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
- The memory module stores instructions and data.
- Input modules writes to memory, while output modules read data from memory and delivers it off-chip or to the system.
Terms
- Instruction represents a command or "word" within a machine language, for example: add, sub, bne, j, etc.
- Instruction Set constitutes a machine language, encompassing all instruction words.
- Instruction Class involves a subset of instructions sharing common features like CPI (Cycles Per Instruction) or type.
- Instruction Count signifies the number of instructions within a specific program.
Instructions and Architecture
- Instructions can be classified as arithmetic (integer, float operations), data transfer (load/store operations), branches (conditional/unconditional), and procedure calls (parameter passing/returns).
Accumulator Architecture
- Accumulator architecture uses special pass-through instructions.
Stack Architecture
- Stack architecture uses special instructions of push and pop.
Memory - Memory Arch
- Memory architecture requires no special instructions.
Load-Store Architecture
- Load-Store architecture uses special instructions of load and store.
Compound Architectures
- Compound architectures utilize load and store instructions.
Instruction Set and Architecture
- Hardware organization defines the instruction set.
- Program size and performance get impacted by hardware organization.
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