15 Questions
What is the main function of a sensor?
Measuring physical stimuli
How can transducers be classified?
By the physical quantity, property, or condition that is measured
Which type of transducer does not require external power?
Self generating transducer
What is the primary function of a passive transducer?
Measuring resistance and capacitance
Which device converts energy in one form to another?
Transducer
What does a self generating transducer produce when stimulated by some physical form of energy?
Analog voltage
What is the principle of operation of thermocouples?
A small electric current is produced proportional to the temperature difference
What is the advantage of resistance type sensors over thermocouples?
They are unaffected by temperature
Which type of thermocouple is composed of Chromel and Alumel?
Type K
What is the role of mineral insulation in high temperature thermocouples?
To protect the wires from corrosion
Which pair of metals is used in a copper-constantan thermocouple?
Copper - Constantan
What is the function of a resistance type sensor?
Change its electrical resistance with temperature
In a thermocouple, what determines the magnitude of the thermal EMF?
The wire materials and temperature difference between the junctions
What does a small electric current produced by a thermocouple represent?
The difference in temperature between the hot and cold junctions
What determines the actual characteristic and suitable operating temperatures of thermocouples?
The materials used in the wires
Study Notes
Sensors and Transducers
- The main function of a sensor is to detect and respond to changes in physical parameters, such as temperature, pressure, or light.
Classification of Transducers
- Transducers can be classified into active and passive transducers.
- Active transducers require external power, while passive transducers do not require external power.
Passive Transducers
- The primary function of a passive transducer is to convert energy from one form to another.
- Passive transducers do not require external power.
Self-Generating Transducers
- A self-generating transducer produces a signal when stimulated by some physical form of energy.
- Examples of self-generating transducers include thermocouples and photovoltaic cells.
Thermocouples
- A thermocouple is a device that converts energy in one form (thermal energy) to another form (electrical energy).
- The principle of operation of thermocouples is based on the Seebeck effect, which states that a voltage is generated when there is a temperature difference between two dissimilar metals.
- The advantage of resistance type sensors over thermocouples is that they have a higher accuracy and faster response time.
- K-type thermocouples are composed of Chromel and Alumel.
- Mineral insulation is used in high-temperature thermocouples to provide electrical insulation and mechanical support.
- A copper-constantan thermocouple uses a pair of metals, copper and constantan.
- The function of a resistance type sensor is to detect changes in temperature and convert them into electrical resistance changes.
- In a thermocouple, the magnitude of the thermal EMF (electromotive force) is determined by the temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions.
- A small electric current produced by a thermocouple represents the thermal energy converted into electrical energy.
- The actual characteristic and suitable operating temperatures of thermocouples are determined by the types of metals used and their physical properties.
Test your knowledge of sensors and transducers with this quiz covering the fundamentals of mixed signals and sensors as taught by ENGR. JOEL ANTHONY L. SEVILLA. Explore topics such as the function of sensors, transducers, and their role in converting energy from one form to another.
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