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Questions and Answers
What is the primary host of Cowpox virus?
What is the characteristic symptom of Monkeypox virus?
Which of the following viruses causes severe generalized disease in camels and dromedaries?
What is the primary mode of transmission of Monkeypox virus?
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Which of the following mouse strains are susceptible to Mousepox virus?
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What is the primary site of lesions caused by Vaccinia virus and Buflapox virus?
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Which of the following mouse strains is resistant to capripoxvirus?
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What is the primary mode of transmission of capripoxvirus?
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What is the characteristic of the clinical signs of sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpy skin disease of cattle?
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What is the characteristic of the morbidity of lumpy skin disease of cattle?
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Which of the following viruses is not a member of the genus Capripoxvirus?
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Which of the following diseases is caused by the genus Avipoxvirus?
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Study Notes
Orthopoxvirus Diseases
- Vaccinia Virus: a laboratory modified virus used as a vaccine against smallpox, also known as Orthopoxvirus, and causes pustular lesions on teats and udders of milking buffalo, and lesions in the base of the ear and inguinal region, rarely causing generalized disease.: causes pustular lesions on teats and udders of milking buffalo, and lesions in the base of ear and inguinal region, rarely causes generalized disease.
- Cowpox Virus: spreads through rodents, affecting domestic cats, cows, humans, and zoo animals, causing lesions on cow teats and udder, more severe in domestic cats.
- Camelpox Virus: causes severe generalized disease in camels and dromedaries by extensive skin lesions.
- Monkeypox Virus: causes symptoms like smallpox with generalized pustular rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy; transmission occurs through direct contact with wild animals killed for food (squirrels and monkeys); reservoir is rodents and non-human primates.
- Mousepox Virus: hosts susceptible to the virus are mouse strains C3H, A, DBA, SWR, CBA, and BALB/c, which die rapidly within hours and shed little virus; resistant mouse strains are AKR and C57BL/6.
Genus Capripoxvirus Diseases
- Sheepox and Goatpox: transmission occurs through skin abrasions, aerosols, and biting insects; induces immunity after infection; pathogenesis involves replication in skin or lungs, spread to regional lymph nodes, followed by viremia and replication in various organs; clinical signs are similar to lumpy skin disease of cattle, more severe in young and/or immunologically naïve animals.
Lumpy Skin Disease of Cattle
- Clinical signs: fever, followed by nodular lesions in the skin that undergo necrosis, generalized lymphadenitis, and edema; during the early stages, affected cattle show lacrimation, nasal discharge, and loss of appetite; morbidity in susceptible herds can be as high as 100%, but mortality is rarely more than 1-2%.
Other Poxvirus Diseases
- Genus Suipoxvirus: causes swinepox.
- Genus Leporipoxvirus: causes myxoma virus, rabbit fibroma virus, and squirrel fibroma virus.
- Genus Molluscipoxvirus: causes molluscum contagious virus.
- Genus Yatapoxvirus and Tanapoxvirus: causes yabapox and tanapox virus.
- Genus Avipoxvirus: causes fowl pox.
- Genus Parapoxvirus: causes orf virus, pseudocowpox virus, bovine papular stomatitis, and poxviruses of fishes.
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Description
This quiz covers the pathology and causes of diseases caused by Orthopox viruses, including Vaccinia and Cowpox viruses, their reservoirs, hosts, and lesions in animals and humans.
