Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a significant factor in Pakal the Great's ascension to the throne?
What was a significant factor in Pakal the Great's ascension to the throne?
- The influence of his noble lineage through his mother (correct)
- A prophecy that foretold his kingship
- His father's royal lineage
- The military accomplishments of his youth
What architectural achievement is associated with Pakal the Great?
What architectural achievement is associated with Pakal the Great?
- The Temple of the Inscriptions (correct)
- The Parthenon of Athens
- The Colosseum of Rome
- The Great Pyramid of Giza
How did Pakal attempt to legitimize his claim to kingship?
How did Pakal attempt to legitimize his claim to kingship?
- By inscribing a king list in the Temple of the Inscriptions (correct)
- By waging wars against rival states
- Through the construction of grand architectural projects
- By marrying into another royal family
What was the significance of jade in Pakal's burial?
What was the significance of jade in Pakal's burial?
What imagery was used to depict the human figures carved around Pakal’s sarcophagus?
What imagery was used to depict the human figures carved around Pakal’s sarcophagus?
What event marked Pakal's journey into the afterlife?
What event marked Pakal's journey into the afterlife?
What role did Lady Sak K’uk play in Pakal’s life?
What role did Lady Sak K’uk play in Pakal’s life?
What role did vaccinations play during the COVID-19 pandemic?
What role did vaccinations play during the COVID-19 pandemic?
What was a major reason for the vulnerability of Native Americans to Old World diseases?
What was a major reason for the vulnerability of Native Americans to Old World diseases?
What was the impact of the European diseases on the Jemez Province native population?
What was the impact of the European diseases on the Jemez Province native population?
What percentage of the Aztec population was lost due to cocoliztli and other diseases by the early 1600s?
What percentage of the Aztec population was lost due to cocoliztli and other diseases by the early 1600s?
Which of the following statements about the effects of pathogens on populations is accurate?
Which of the following statements about the effects of pathogens on populations is accurate?
What was cocoliztli primarily associated with among the Aztecs?
What was cocoliztli primarily associated with among the Aztecs?
How did the death toll caused by diseases compare to that caused by military conflicts for Native Americans?
How did the death toll caused by diseases compare to that caused by military conflicts for Native Americans?
What was a consequence of the introduction of European diseases to the New World?
What was a consequence of the introduction of European diseases to the New World?
Flashcards
COVID-19 Impact
COVID-19 Impact
More than 700 million people have been infected and more than 7 million have died worldwide due to COVID-19.
Vaccine Effectiveness
Vaccine Effectiveness
Vaccines that lessen the impact or halt COVID-19.
Old World Diseases
Old World Diseases
Diseases originating from Europe and Asia that affected Native Peoples in the Americas.
Native American Vulnerability
Native American Vulnerability
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Epidemic Devastation
Epidemic Devastation
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Cocoliztli Epidemic
Cocoliztli Epidemic
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Aztec Population Decline
Aztec Population Decline
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Disease Identification
Disease Identification
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Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
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Pakal the Great
Pakal the Great
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Temple of the Inscriptions
Temple of the Inscriptions
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Maya civilization
Maya civilization
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Pakal's mother
Pakal's mother
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Viral Infections
Viral Infections
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Ancient Mayan Society
Ancient Mayan Society
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Study Notes
COVID-19 Pandemic Impact
- Over 700 million people infected and over 7 million deaths globally (as of January 2024)
- Vaccines significantly lessened the pandemic's impact
- Diseases have historically devastated populations
Historical Disease Devastation
- Native populations in the New World were vulnerable to diseases brought by European explorers/settlers (lack of immunity)
- Diseases caused far more deaths than conquest
- Pathogens far more effective killers than human forces (pre-nuclear age)
- Example of Jemez Province decline: population fell from ~6,500 to 833 after Spanish missionaries brought diseases causing 87% drop (1620)
- Aztec population declined dramatically due to cocoliztli and other diseases from ~25 million to ~1 million (95% drop)
- Salmonella enterica identified as a possible contributor to cocoliztli epidemic through DNA recovery from skeletons
- Study sample small, unable to identify all pathogens.
Pakal the Great: Mayan Ruler
- Pakal, king of Palenque (Maya state in Chiapas, Mexico), ascended the throne at age 12 in 615 C.E.
- Mother, Lady Sak K'uk, powerful figure during early reign
- Reign lasted 67 years (until 683)
- Initiated extensive construction projects
- Temple of the Inscriptions: built as Pakal's burial place and to legitimize his kingship, emphasize his mother's role in his ascension, and claim legitimacy for his descendants
- King list inscribed in the temple; elevates mother to near goddess status
- Maya burial practices involved transporting the body up a pyramid stair, into the temple at its apex, then the pyramids interior (through an internal stair) to the burial chamber
- Pakal buried in a limestone sarcophagus
- Sarcophagus depicts figures, including Pakal's mother, Lady Sak K'uk, and prior rulers of Palenque
- Obsidian, jade, and shell mask placed on his face; precious stones around his body
- The tomb discovered in 1952, enabling its description today
- Pakal's tomb exemplifies complex societies of the New World (like those of ancient Egypt and China).
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Description
Explore the profound effects of pandemics from COVID-19 to historical diseases that devastated populations. This quiz covers the spread of diseases, the impact on Native populations during European exploration, and notable historical figures like Pakal the Great. Test your knowledge on how pathogens have shaped human history.
