COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease

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Questions and Answers

What was observed in Western blots from brain lysates of COVID-19 patients?

  • Increased RyR2 oxidation and PKA phosphorylation (correct)
  • No changes in RyR2 oxidation and PKA phosphorylation
  • Decreased PKA phosphorylation
  • Reduced calstabin2 and NOX2 bound to the channel

What was the method used to determine oxidative stress levels in brain tissues?

  • Western blots depicting RyR2 oxidation
  • Measuring the ratio of GSSG to GSH by an ELISA kit (correct)
  • 3 [H]ryanodine binding from immunoprecipitated RyR2
  • TMB substrate incubation

What was the purpose of adding TMB substrate to each well?

  • To measure the ratio of GSSG to GSH
  • To incubate the plate for 30 minutes at RT
  • To aspirate the 3.2.1 Oxidative stress plate
  • To determine the absorbance at 450 nm (correct)

Which of the following proteins was found to be dysregulated in COVID-19 brains?

<p>Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the comparison made to determine the sample signals?

<p>Comparison to a standard curve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the data obtained from the Western blots?

<p>Data showed a significant difference between control and COVID-19 samples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of cognitive impairment associated with COVID-19?

<p>Oxidative stress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic target for COVID-19 neurological complications?

<p>Ryanodine receptor/calcium release channels (RyR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TGF-β signaling in COVID-19?

<p>Activating Alzheimer's disease-like signaling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein associated with Alzheimer's disease-like signaling in COVID-19 patients?

<p>Ryanodine receptor (RyR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the brain?

<p>Activating TGF-β signaling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of oxidative overload in COVID-19 patients?

<p>Increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating COVID-19 neurological symptoms?

<p>Defective intracellular Ca2+ regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with fibrosis in the lungs and other organs?

<p>TGF-β activation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk factor for developing AD in the future?

<p>Prior COVID-19 infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reported to be upregulated in COVID-19 infection?

<p>Genes involved in oxidative overload (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to explain the coordination deficits experienced by hospitalized COVID-19 patients?

<p>Tau protein pathology in the cerebellum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in the formation of cellular fibrosis?

<p>TGF-β (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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