Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the name of the compound H2O?
What is the name of the compound H2O?
All covalent compounds are made up of two or more non-metals.
All covalent compounds are made up of two or more non-metals.
True
What prefix is used for the number four in naming covalent compounds?
What prefix is used for the number four in naming covalent compounds?
tetra-
The name of the binary acid HCl is _______________ in aqueous solution.
The name of the binary acid HCl is _______________ in aqueous solution.
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Match the following compounds to their names:
Match the following compounds to their names:
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Study Notes
Covalent Compounds
- Covalent compounds, also known as molecular compounds, are formed by two or more nonmetals.
- Examples include water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Naming Covalent Compounds
- The first element in a covalent compound keeps its name.
- Prefixes are used for elements with more than one atom.
- Examples: Dihydrogen (H₂), Carbon Monoxide (CO).
- The second element's ending changes to "-ide."
- Prefixes are crucial for clarity when naming molecules.
Prefixes for Covalent Compounds
- Mono- (one), Di- (two), Tri- (three), Tetra- (four), Penta- (five), Hexa- (six), Hepta- (seven), Octa- (eight), Nona- (nine), Deca- (ten).
- The prefix "mono-" is only used for the second element.
- For oxide, the -a of the prefix is dropped (e.g. Tetroxide).
- Examples: Dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O), Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
Acids
- Acids are compounds containing a hydrogen ion and a nonmetal or anion.
- Binary acids contain hydrogen and a nonmetal.
- Ternary acids (also called oxyacids) contain oxygen.
Naming Binary Acids
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Binary acid names in aqueous solution start with "hydro-" and end with "-ic acid"
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Examples: Hydrogen chloride (HCl) becomes Hydrochloric acid (HCl aqueous); Hydrogen fluoride (HF) becomes Hydrofluoric acid (HF aqueous).
Naming Ternary Acids
- Ternary acid names in aqueous solution are derived from the acid's name as a pure compound.
- Examples: Hydrogen sulfate (H₂SO₄) becomes Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄ aqueous); Hydrogen sulfite (H₂SO₃) becomes Sulfurous acid (H₂SO₃ aqueous).
Bases
- Bases are compounds made of a hydroxide anion and a metal.
- Most bases are ionic compounds (consisting of metal and nonmetal).
Naming Bases
- Base names follow the same pattern as ionic compounds.
- Examples: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).
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Description
Test your knowledge on covalent compounds and their naming conventions. This quiz covers the formation of molecular compounds, the use of prefixes in naming, and the basic properties of acids. Challenge yourself with examples and definitions to strengthen your understanding.
