30 Questions
Why does nature favor chemical bonding?
Because it leads to lower potential energy for individual atoms
What is the main reason for the formation of diatomic molecules?
Because the molecules formed are more stable than the individual atoms
What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?
The attractive forces balance the repulsive forces
What kind of bond forms when a single pair of electrons is shared?
Double covalent bond
What is the main factor that determines bond length in a covalent bond?
The number of shared electron pairs
What type of bond involves three shared pairs of electrons?
Triple covalent bond
What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?
Bond dissociation energy
In an endothermic reaction, what occurs?
A greater amount of energy is required to break existing bonds in the reactant than is released when new bonds form in the product molecule
What type of bond would be found in O2 (oxygen gas)?
Double covalent bond
What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?
Bond length
What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?
To achieve a full valence shell by sharing multiple pairs of electrons
What happens to the bond length as the number of shared electron pairs in a covalent bond increases?
The bond length decreases
What type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?
Exothermic reaction
What does bond dissociation energy indicate about a chemical bond?
The strength of the chemical bond
What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?
The bond length and number of shared electron pairs
What happens when the balance of forces is upset in a covalent bond?
The covalent bond can be broken
What type of bond involves the sharing of valence electrons and the overlap of orbitals?
Single covalent bond
Why do diatomic molecules occur in nature as stable molecules?
They have a lower potential energy than individual atoms
What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?
Electrons repel each other and protons attract each other
Which group of elements typically forms single covalent bonds only?
Halogens (Group 7 elements)
What is the relationship between the number of shared electron pairs and the bond length in a covalent bond?
As the number of shared electron pairs increases, the bond length decreases
Which type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?
Exothermic Reaction
What is the term for the distance between two bonding nuclei at the position of maximum attraction?
Bond Length
What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?
The high electronegativity of these elements
What happens to the strength of a covalent bond as the bond length decreases?
The strength of the covalent bond increases
What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?
Bond Dissociation Energy
What type of bond is formed when a single pair of electrons is shared?
Double covalent bond
What causes diatomic molecules to occur in nature as stable molecules?
The molecules formed are more stable than the individual atoms
What determines the strength of a covalent bond?
The overlap of orbitals
What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?
The attractive forces exceed the repulsive forces
Test your knowledge of covalent bonding with this quiz covering the reasons for atoms to bond and the concept of covalent bonds. Explore the sharing of valence electrons and the formation of sigma bonds.
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