Covalent Bonding Basics

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Why does nature favor chemical bonding?

Because it leads to the formation of diatomic molecules

Because it leads to lower potential energy for individual atoms (correct)

Because individual atoms are more stable when not bonded

Because it results in higher potential energy for individual atoms

What is the main reason for the formation of diatomic molecules?

To increase the potential energy of the individual atoms

To decrease stability of the individual atoms

Because the molecules formed are less stable than the individual atoms

Because the molecules formed are more stable than the individual atoms (correct)

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

The attractive forces balance the repulsive forces (correct)

The repulsive force between protons increases

The attractive force between protons and electrons decreases

The repulsive force between electrons decreases

What kind of bond forms when a single pair of electrons is shared?

Double covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines bond length in a covalent bond?

The number of shared electron pairs Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond involves three shared pairs of electrons?

Triple covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?

Bond dissociation energy Signup and view all the answers

In an endothermic reaction, what occurs?

A greater amount of energy is required to break existing bonds in the reactant than is released when new bonds form in the product molecule Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond would be found in O2 (oxygen gas)?

Double covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?

Bond length Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?

To achieve a full valence shell by sharing multiple pairs of electrons Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the bond length as the number of shared electron pairs in a covalent bond increases?

The bond length decreases Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?

Exothermic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What does bond dissociation energy indicate about a chemical bond?

The strength of the chemical bond Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?

The bond length and number of shared electron pairs Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the balance of forces is upset in a covalent bond?

The covalent bond can be broken Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond involves the sharing of valence electrons and the overlap of orbitals?

Single covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

Why do diatomic molecules occur in nature as stable molecules?

They have a lower potential energy than individual atoms Signup and view all the answers

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

Electrons repel each other and protons attract each other Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements typically forms single covalent bonds only?

Halogens (Group 7 elements) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of shared electron pairs and the bond length in a covalent bond?

As the number of shared electron pairs increases, the bond length decreases Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?

Exothermic Reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the distance between two bonding nuclei at the position of maximum attraction?

Bond Length Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?

The high electronegativity of these elements Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the strength of a covalent bond as the bond length decreases?

The strength of the covalent bond increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?

Bond Dissociation Energy Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when a single pair of electrons is shared?

Double covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What causes diatomic molecules to occur in nature as stable molecules?

The molecules formed are more stable than the individual atoms Signup and view all the answers

What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

The overlap of orbitals Signup and view all the answers

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

The attractive forces exceed the repulsive forces Signup and view all the answers

Covalent Bonding Basics

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Questions and Answers

Why does nature favor chemical bonding?

What is the main reason for the formation of diatomic molecules?

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

What kind of bond forms when a single pair of electrons is shared?

What is the main factor that determines bond length in a covalent bond?

What type of bond involves three shared pairs of electrons?

What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?

In an endothermic reaction, what occurs?

What type of bond would be found in O2 (oxygen gas)?

What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?

What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?

What happens to the bond length as the number of shared electron pairs in a covalent bond increases?

What type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?

What does bond dissociation energy indicate about a chemical bond?

What factor determines the strength of a covalent bond?

What happens when the balance of forces is upset in a covalent bond?

What type of bond involves the sharing of valence electrons and the overlap of orbitals?

Why do diatomic molecules occur in nature as stable molecules?

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

Which group of elements typically forms single covalent bonds only?

What is the relationship between the number of shared electron pairs and the bond length in a covalent bond?

Which type of reaction occurs when more energy is released forming new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants?

What is the term for the distance between two bonding nuclei at the position of maximum attraction?

What is the primary reason for double and triple bonds forming between carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur?

What happens to the strength of a covalent bond as the bond length decreases?

What is the term for the amount of energy required to break a specific covalent bond?

What type of bond is formed when a single pair of electrons is shared?

What causes diatomic molecules to occur in nature as stable molecules?

What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

What happens as two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond?

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