Counseling Profession: Characteristics and Standards
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of a profession?

  • Having a specific body of knowledge (correct)
  • Having a certain number of years of experience
  • Having a professional organization of competitors
  • Having a high level of income

    • What is the focus of guidance?

  • Dealing with external problems in relationships
  • Focusing on intrapsychic, internal, and personal issues
  • Helping people make important choices that affect their lives (correct)
  • Providing medical treatment for mental health issues

    • What is the focus of psychotherapy?

  • Dealing with external problems in relationships
  • Providing career counseling for individuals
  • Focusing on serious problems with intrapsychic, internal, and personal issues (correct)
  • Helping people make important choices that affect their lives

    • What is counseling according to the 20/20: A Vision for the Future of Counseling group?

    <p>A professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a standard of excellence in a profession?

    <p>Having a professional organization of peers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a profession according to Myers & Sweeney (2001)?

    <p>Credentialing of practitioners such as licensure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who wrote the book A Mind That Found Itself in 1908?

    <p>Clifford Beers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was founded in 1913 as a precursor to the ACA?

    <p>National Vocational Guidance Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917?

    <p>To provide funding for schools to support vocational education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was published in 1927?

    <p>Strong Vocational Interest Inventory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who established the first marriage and family counseling center in New York City?

    <p>Abraham and Hannah Stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approach known as developed by E.G. Williamson?

    <p>The Minnesota point of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who emphasized a client-centered, non-directive approach to counseling?

    <p>Carl Rogers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event brought a new way of looking at vocations for men and women?

    <p>World War II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was established in 1952 within the American Psychological Association?

    <p>Division 17 (Society of Counseling Psychology)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What act provided funds for counselor training institutes in 1946?

    <p>The George-Barden Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who published 'Education as Guidance' in 1932?

    <p>John Brewer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was published by Carl Rogers in 1942?

    <p>Counseling and Psychotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which book written by Gilbert Wrenn emphasized resolving developmental needs?

    <p>The Counselor in a Changing World</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main reason for the growth of Behavioral Counseling in the 1960s?

    <p>John Krumboltz's Revolution in Counseling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main outcome of the 1970s in terms of counseling settings?

    <p>Diversification in counseling settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of Title IX of the Education Amendments?

    <p>To advocate for services for females, minorities, and persons with disabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Programs formed?

    <p>1981</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main outcome of the 1980s in terms of counseling training?

    <p>Standardization of training and certification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the association formed in 1985?

    <p>Chi Sigma Iota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did the AACD become the American Counseling Association (ACA)?

    <p>1992</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who wrote the multicultural counseling competences and standards for counselors in 1992?

    <p>Sue, Arredondo, and McDavis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the current trends in the twenty-first century in counseling?

    <p>Increase in managed health care organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the initiative focused on the future of counseling?

    <p>Leadership –20/20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many divisions does the American Counseling Association (ACA) have?

    <p>19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Counseling

    • 1908: Clifford Beers wrote "A Mind That Found Itself" about the poor conditions in mental institutions.
    • 1910s: National Vocational Guidance Association (NVGA) founded in 1913, which later became the American Counseling Association (ACA).
    • 1917: Smith-Hughes Act provided funding for schools to support vocational education.
    • World War I: Employed psychological assessments and intelligence tests for recruitment.

    1920s

    • Counselor education courses emphasized vocational guidance.
    • Certification of counselors in Boston and New York.
    • Strong Vocational Interest Inventory published in 1927.
    • The first marriage and family counseling center established by Abraham and Hannah Stone in New York City in 1929.

    1930s

    • The Great Depression influenced researchers and practitioners.
    • E.G.Williamson developed the Minnesota point of view and trait-factor approach.
    • John Brewer published "Education as Guidance" in 1932, contributing to the broadening of counseling beyond occupational concerns.
    • George Dean Act of 1938 created the Vocational Education Division of the U.S. Office of Education and an Occupational Information and Guidance Service.

    1940s

    • Carl Rogers emphasized a client-centered, non-directive approach to counseling.
    • Published "Counseling and Psychotherapy" in 1942.
    • World War II brought a new way of looking at vocations for men and women.
    • George-Barden Act of 1946 provided funds for counselor training institutes.

    1950s

    • The American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA) was established in 1952.
    • The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) was chartered in 1953.
    • The establishment of Division 17 (Society of Counseling Psychology) within the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1952.
    • National Defense Education Act (NDEA) in 1958.

    1960s

    • Gilbert Wrenn wrote "The Counselor in a Changing World" (1962) with an emphasis on resolving developmental needs.
    • The Vietnam War, civil rights movement, and women's movement identified society's needs.
    • A rise in humanistic counseling theories.
    • Behavioral Counseling grew in importance as a result of John Krumboltz's "Revolution in Counseling" (1966).
    • Community Mental Health Centers Act, 1963.

    1970s

    • Diversification in counseling settings.
    • Title IX of the Education Amendments, affirmative action laws, and antidiscrimination legislation advocated for services for females, minorities, and persons with disabilities.
    • Helping skills programs developed and rose in popularity.
    • APGA moved towards state and national licensure for counselors.
    • APGA grew in strength and the Association for Counselor Educators and Supervisors (ACES) outlined the standards for a master's degree in counseling in 1973.

    1980s

    • Standardization of training and certification – the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Programs was formed in 1981.
    • National Board for Certified Counselors formed in 1982.

    1984

    • APGA became the American Association for Counseling and Development (AACD).

    1985

    • Chi Sigma Iota was formed.

    1986

    • The American Association of State Counseling Boards was established by Ted Remley.

    1990s

    • In 1992, the AACD became the American Counseling Association (ACA).
    • The Center for Mental Health Services and the National Institute of Mental Health included counseling in the health care human resource statistics for the first time in 1992.
    • Sue, Arredondo, and McDavis (1992) wrote the multicultural counseling competences and standards for counselors.
    • Work with violence, trauma, and crises.
    • The challenge of managed care.
    • Promoting wellness.
    • Concern for social justice and advocacy.
    • Greater emphasis on technology.
    • Leadership – 20/20 Future of Counseling initiative.
    • Identity – 19 divisions of ACA.

    Definition of Counseling

    • According to the 20/20: A Vision for the Future of Counseling group, counseling is defined as a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals.

    Characteristics of a Profession

    • According to Myers & Sweeney (2001), a profession is distinguished by having a specific body of knowledge, accredited training programs, a professional organization of peers, credentialing of practitioners such as licensure, a code of ethics, legal recognition, and other standards of excellence.

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    Description

    Explore the key features that define a profession, including a specific body of knowledge, accredited training programs, and credentialing of practitioners. This quiz is based on the book 'Counseling: A Comprehensive Profession' by Gladding and covers the characteristics of a profession according to Myers and Sweeney. Test your knowledge of the counseling profession and its standards of excellence.

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