Cough Reflex and Respiratory Conditions
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Cough Reflex and Respiratory Conditions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the cough reflex?

  • To increase lung capacity
  • To regulate breathing rate
  • To protect the lungs from irritants (correct)
  • To aid in the process of exhalation

    • Which condition can impair the cough reflex?

  • Asthma
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Weakness of respiratory muscles (correct)
  • Viral infection

    • What type of sputum is typically associated with a bacterial infection?

  • Thin and clear
  • Thick, yellow, or green (correct)
  • Frothy and pink
  • Rust in color

    • In what position is a patient typically advised to sit for optimal coughing effectiveness?

    <p>Upright position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of cough?

    <p>Severe dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sputum would most likely indicate pulmonary edema?

    <p>Frothy and pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of a localized obstruction of a major bronchus?

    <p>Ineffective cough reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description corresponds to the cough associated with lung tumors?

    <p>Mucoid and pink-tinged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of oxygen diffusion from the capillary to the interstitial fluid?

    <p>To allow oxygen utilization by tissue cells for respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between oxygen solubility and its transport in the blood?

    <p>Lower solubility limits the amount of oxygen that can be transported dissolved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation PaO2 represent?

    <p>The measurement of oxygen pressure in arterial blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does carbon dioxide (PCO2) function in assessing lung ventilation?

    <p>It serves as a marker of sufficient alveolar ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological process allows oxygen to diffuse into tissue cells?

    <p>Diffusion down a pressure gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does airway resistance in the bronchi have on airflow?

    <p>It facilitates the smooth flow of air to lung segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ranges indicate normal PCO2 levels in arterial blood?

    <p>35 to 45 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the whole blood oxygen content measured in?

    <p>ml's of oxygen per 100 ml's whole blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cough is associated with a URTI of viral origin?

    <p>Dry, irritative cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom should prompt consideration of left-sided heart failure?

    <p>Night cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sputum color is typically considered normal?

    <p>Clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of foul-smelling sputum suggest?

    <p>Lung abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cough is indicative of a tracheal lesion?

    <p>Brassy cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT associated with cough after food intake?

    <p>Postnasal drip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cough associated with pleural involvement?

    <p>Pleuritic chest pain with cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cough requires assessment of character due to its severe implications?

    <p>Severe or changing cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does excessive production of clear sputum likely indicate?

    <p>Abnormal condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is commonly associated with a cough worsening in the supine position?

    <p>Postnasal drip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by an increase in the antero-posterior diameter of the chest?

    <p>Kyphoscoliosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which breathing pattern is defined as normal breathing at a rate of 14-20 breaths per minute?

    <p>Eupnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which respiratory pattern is characterized by periods of deep, rapid breathing followed by apnea?

    <p>Kussmaul breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction?

    <p>Neuromuscular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk associated with apnea?

    <p>Cessation of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT commonly associated with bradypnea?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible effect of nocturnal hypoxemia?

    <p>Increased risk of stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of using sedative and hypnotic medications?

    <p>Enhance sleep onset and maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pattern of breathing is described as shallow and irregular, often due to drug overdose?

    <p>Hypoventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a regular cycle of increasing and then decreasing breathing depth with periods of apnea?

    <p>Cheyne-Stokes respirations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle change is recommended for clients with mild cases of sleep apnea?

    <p>Lose weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gold-standard treatment for sleep apnea?

    <p>Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What description best defines hyperventilation?

    <p>Increase in both rate and depth of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of acute alcohol ingestion concerning sleep?

    <p>Airway relaxation leading to blockages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential consequence can occur from sustained apnea?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skeletal disorder is associated with kyphoscoliosis and may limit lung expansion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is suggested for severe cases involving hypoxemia and CO2 retention?

    <p>CPAP therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT a cause of reduced pharyngeal muscle tone?

    <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of which drug type may exacerbate sleep apnea symptoms?

    <p>Sedative medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect can sleep apnea have on cardiovascular health?

    <p>Increased risk of dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

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