10 Questions
What is the primary focus of Step 1 in the needs assessment process?
Identifying health issues and defining the population
What type of data is used to gather information about the needs in Step 1?
Survey, medical data, and existing data
What is the purpose of the behavioral matrix in the needs assessment process?
To identify needs where effective intervention measures can be taken
What is the main goal of Step 2 in the needs assessment process?
To analyze the problem and identify contributing factors
How are health conditions prioritized in Step 3?
By ranking them in order of importance and according to changeability
What is the purpose of the SMART goal system in the needs assessment process?
To set specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound goals
What is the outcome of Step 4 in the needs assessment process?
A priority health issue is identified
What is the focus of Step 3 in the needs assessment process?
Prioritizing health issues
What is the purpose of identifying determining factors in Step 2?
To analyze the problem and identify contributing factors
What is the primary goal of the needs assessment process?
To identify needs where effective intervention measures can be taken
Study Notes
Types of Costs
- Intangible costs: shame and fear
- Tangible costs: financial
Discontinuing or Implementing a Health Intervention
- If benefits are not greater than costs, discontinue
- If benefits are unknown, a pilot is needed
- If benefits are greater than costs, consider acceptability and implement
Acceptability of Proposed Measures
- Assess acceptability of the community group and health intervention
- Low levels of acceptance may lead to high levels of action
Recommended Actions
- Advocate community members to be involved
- Implement strategies and monitor the program to evaluate outcomes
Needs Assessment
- A systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a specific population
- Allows for determining priorities and resource allocation to improve health
- Recommended to provide evidence about a population when planning services and addressing health inequalities
Benefits of Needs Assessment
- Community involvement in decision making
- Logical teamwork
- Improved communication
- Better use of resources
Types of Need
- Normative need: based on research, defines an unhealthy norm within a population, measurable against accepted standards
- Expressed need: refers to what has been demanded by a community, e.g. long waiting lists and demand for a new service
- Comparative need: derived from examining services provided in one area and using that information to determine needs in another area
- Felt need: refers to what communities say or feel they need, common methods include household opinion surveys, phone-ins, and public meetings
Limitations of Each Type of Need
- Normative need: not absolute, needs can change over time
- Expressed need: limited picture of a need, not everyone will act on that need
- Comparative need: presence of a service does not indicate that needs are being met
- Felt need: subjective, limited by perceptions of the individual
7 Steps to a Needs Assessment
- Step 1: identifying health issues, defining the population, and gathering information using four types of needs
- Step 2: analysis of the problem, gathering further data regarding condition lists and determining factors
- Step 3: prioritising issues, ranking conditions by importance and changeability
- Step 4: setting goals, using the SMART goal system to set a goal for priority issues
- Step 5-7: not mentioned in the provided text
This quiz covers the basics of cost-benefit analysis, including tangible and intangible costs, and decision-making based on the comparison of benefits and costs.
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