Cosmos Definitions Flashcards - Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the meaning of the word cosmos?

  • the Milky Way
  • the dark sky
  • the sum total of all matter and energy, that is, everything within and between all galaxies (correct)
  • the origin of Earth and life upon it
  • the light from a distant astronomical object

    • Put your 'address' in the correct order.

  • you, Earth, solar system, Local Group, Local Supercluster, Milky Way
  • you, Earth, Local Group, Local Supercluster, solar system, Milky Way
  • you, Earth, solar system, Local Group, Milky Way, Local Supercluster
  • you, Earth, solar system, Milky Way, Local Supercluster, Local Group
  • you, Earth, solar system, Milky Way, Local Group, Local Supercluster (correct)

    • About where is our solar system located within the Milky Way Galaxy?

  • about two-thirds of the way from the center of the galaxy to the outskirts of the galactic disk (correct)
  • near the far outskirts of the galactic disk
  • in the halo of the galaxy above the galactic disk
  • at the center of the galaxy
  • about 10 percent of the way from the center of the galaxy to the outskirts of the galactic disk

    • Roughly how many stars are in the Milky Way Galaxy?

    <p>100 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern telescopes are capable of seeing bright galaxies up to about:

    <p>10 billion light-years away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the size of a grapefruit. How big an area would the orbits of the eight planets of the solar system cover?

    <p>the size of a typical campus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we mean when we say that the universe is expanding?

    <p>Average distances are increasing between galaxies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The age of the universe is

    <p>between 10 billion and 16 billion years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are galaxies important to our existence?

    <p>Galaxies recycle heavy elements produced in stars into future generations of stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Earth is made mostly of metals and rocks. Where did this material come from?

    <p>It was produced by nuclear fusion in stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is nuclear fusion?

    <p>the process of combining lightweight nuclei to make heavier nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cosmos and Definition

    • Cosmos refers to the entirety of all matter and energy, encompassing everything in and between galaxies.

    Correct Order of Cosmic Address

    • The correct sequence for cosmic address is: you, Earth, solar system, Milky Way, Local Group, Local Supercluster.

    Location of Solar System in Milky Way

    • Our solar system is situated about two-thirds of the way from the center of the Milky Way Galaxy to its outskirts.

    Number of Stars in the Milky Way

    • Approximately 100 billion stars exist within the Milky Way Galaxy.

    Telescopic Observation Range

    • Modern telescopes can detect bright galaxies located up to 10 billion light-years away.

    Orbits of Planets Compared to Size

    • If the Sun were the size of a grapefruit, the area covered by the orbits of the eight planets would be comparable to a typical campus.

    Expansion of the Universe

    • The universe is expanding in the sense that the average distances between galaxies are increasing over time.

    Age of the Universe

    • The universe's age is estimated to be between 10 billion and 16 billion years.

    Importance of Galaxies

    • Galaxies play a crucial role by recycling heavy elements produced in stars, contributing to the formation of future star generations.

    Composition of Earth

    • Earth's material, primarily metals and rocks, originated from nuclear fusion processes occurring in stars.

    Nuclear Fusion Explained

    • Nuclear fusion is the process where lightweight nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei, releasing energy in the process.

    Concept of "We Are Star Stuff"

    • Carl Sagan's phrase "we are star stuff" reflects that the majority of atoms in our bodies originated from elements forged in stars before the formation of our solar system.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key terms related to the cosmos with these flashcards from Chapter 1. Each card presents a word and multiple-choice options to challenge your understanding of the universe's terminology.

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