Podcast
Questions and Answers
Saint-Pierre conceptualizes a European community in terms of a political and strategic alliance.
Saint-Pierre conceptualizes a European community in terms of a political and strategic alliance.
True
Saint-Pierre supports the idea of a universal European monarchy.
Saint-Pierre supports the idea of a universal European monarchy.
False
The concept of cosmopolitanism was widely accepted and conceptualized as an ideal in the early 18th century.
The concept of cosmopolitanism was widely accepted and conceptualized as an ideal in the early 18th century.
False
Montesquieu shared similar views with Saint-Pierre regarding European political structures.
Montesquieu shared similar views with Saint-Pierre regarding European political structures.
Signup and view all the answers
The Republic of Letters included all educated Europeans, regardless of social standing.
The Republic of Letters included all educated Europeans, regardless of social standing.
Signup and view all the answers
Cosmopolitan practices were embraced by European diplomatic and literary elites during the Age of Enlightenment.
Cosmopolitan practices were embraced by European diplomatic and literary elites during the Age of Enlightenment.
Signup and view all the answers
Saint-Pierre's notion of a European republic promotes exclusive ideologies over peace and trade.
Saint-Pierre's notion of a European republic promotes exclusive ideologies over peace and trade.
Signup and view all the answers
The Club de l’Entresol was dissolved around 1733 yet its influence persisted among elite networks.
The Club de l’Entresol was dissolved around 1733 yet its influence persisted among elite networks.
Signup and view all the answers
The analysis of cosmopolitanism began in the eighteenth century and focuses solely on contemporary meanings.
The analysis of cosmopolitanism began in the eighteenth century and focuses solely on contemporary meanings.
Signup and view all the answers
Concepts are often defined simply, unlike mere words.
Concepts are often defined simply, unlike mere words.
Signup and view all the answers
Past definitions of international terms have had a lasting impact on current political debates.
Past definitions of international terms have had a lasting impact on current political debates.
Signup and view all the answers
The book focuses primarily on the chronological history of international relations and institutions.
The book focuses primarily on the chronological history of international relations and institutions.
Signup and view all the answers
Systematic analysis of historical language use in international discourse has been a common approach in previous research.
Systematic analysis of historical language use in international discourse has been a common approach in previous research.
Signup and view all the answers
The meanings of terms such as 'cosmopolitan' and 'universal' have remained constant throughout history.
The meanings of terms such as 'cosmopolitan' and 'universal' have remained constant throughout history.
Signup and view all the answers
The book aims to define what 'European' meant in history through rigid classifications.
The book aims to define what 'European' meant in history through rigid classifications.
Signup and view all the answers
Conceptual history is concerned with articulating diverse past understandings of political phenomena beyond nation states.
Conceptual history is concerned with articulating diverse past understandings of political phenomena beyond nation states.
Signup and view all the answers
The first wave of feminism was inspired by the internationalism of the late nineteenth century.
The first wave of feminism was inspired by the internationalism of the late nineteenth century.
Signup and view all the answers
The League of Nations was established after the dissolution of empires following the First World War.
The League of Nations was established after the dissolution of empires following the First World War.
Signup and view all the answers
Expectations of a stable world economy were bolstered by the economic crash in 1929.
Expectations of a stable world economy were bolstered by the economic crash in 1929.
Signup and view all the answers
The interaction between nationalism and internationalism was not influenced by the interests of nation states.
The interaction between nationalism and internationalism was not influenced by the interests of nation states.
Signup and view all the answers
The second wave of internationalism was significantly delayed by the rise of National Socialist Germany.
The second wave of internationalism was significantly delayed by the rise of National Socialist Germany.
Signup and view all the answers
The French Revolution is deemed to have a distinct 'cosmopolitan' phase until 1792 followed by a turn towards nationalism.
The French Revolution is deemed to have a distinct 'cosmopolitan' phase until 1792 followed by a turn towards nationalism.
Signup and view all the answers
The usage of the term 'international' in parliaments peaked around 1990.
The usage of the term 'international' in parliaments peaked around 1990.
Signup and view all the answers
The analysis of the French Revolution focuses solely on France without considering external influences.
The analysis of the French Revolution focuses solely on France without considering external influences.
Signup and view all the answers
Nationalism and internationalism were in direct opposition during the late twentieth century.
Nationalism and internationalism were in direct opposition during the late twentieth century.
Signup and view all the answers
The literature on the French Revolution does not address the impact of emigration and colonial upheaval.
The literature on the French Revolution does not address the impact of emigration and colonial upheaval.
Signup and view all the answers
The National Convention refers specifically to the period of 1795 and beyond in the context of the French Revolution.
The National Convention refers specifically to the period of 1795 and beyond in the context of the French Revolution.
Signup and view all the answers
The economic depression following the First World War was a contributing factor to the rise of nationalism in the 1930s.
The economic depression following the First World War was a contributing factor to the rise of nationalism in the 1930s.
Signup and view all the answers
The 'Sister Republic' mentioned in the text refers to the Batavian Republic.
The 'Sister Republic' mentioned in the text refers to the Batavian Republic.
Signup and view all the answers
Franco-German relations post-1800 did not involve any transformative concepts related to warfare and national consciousness.
Franco-German relations post-1800 did not involve any transformative concepts related to warfare and national consciousness.
Signup and view all the answers
The Archives parlementaires pertain to the debates during the Legislative Assemblies from 1791 to 1792.
The Archives parlementaires pertain to the debates during the Legislative Assemblies from 1791 to 1792.
Signup and view all the answers
The digital resources mentioned include collections from the House of Commons Parliamentary Papers.
The digital resources mentioned include collections from the House of Commons Parliamentary Papers.
Signup and view all the answers
The book 'Fraternité universelle et intérêt national' was published in 1713.
The book 'Fraternité universelle et intérêt national' was published in 1713.
Signup and view all the answers
The concept of cosmopolitanism has historical roots tracing back to the 18th century.
The concept of cosmopolitanism has historical roots tracing back to the 18th century.
Signup and view all the answers
'Weltbürger' is a term associated with the idea of global citizenship.
'Weltbürger' is a term associated with the idea of global citizenship.
Signup and view all the answers
D. Edelstein's book primarily discusses the arts and literature of the Enlightenment.
D. Edelstein's book primarily discusses the arts and literature of the Enlightenment.
Signup and view all the answers
The work of Rousseau contributed to discussions on perpetual peace.
The work of Rousseau contributed to discussions on perpetual peace.
Signup and view all the answers
The publication 'La guerre et la paix perpétuelle' was written by a collective of authors in 2012.
The publication 'La guerre et la paix perpétuelle' was written by a collective of authors in 2012.
Signup and view all the answers
The relationship between cosmopolitanism and diplomacy was explored during the time of Louis XIV.
The relationship between cosmopolitanism and diplomacy was explored during the time of Louis XIV.
Signup and view all the answers
'Vänskap och makt' discusses the relationship between friendship and power in 20th-century Finland.
'Vänskap och makt' discusses the relationship between friendship and power in 20th-century Finland.
Signup and view all the answers
French revolutionaries believed that their republic was meant to serve as a model for all of humanity.
French revolutionaries believed that their republic was meant to serve as a model for all of humanity.
Signup and view all the answers
The term 'cosmopolite' maintained a consistently positive meaning throughout the Revolutionary period.
The term 'cosmopolite' maintained a consistently positive meaning throughout the Revolutionary period.
Signup and view all the answers
The Enlightenment played a significant role in the development of universalist ideals during the French Revolution.
The Enlightenment played a significant role in the development of universalist ideals during the French Revolution.
Signup and view all the answers
Cosmopolitan ideas were solely focused on foreign trade without any affiliation to political concepts.
Cosmopolitan ideas were solely focused on foreign trade without any affiliation to political concepts.
Signup and view all the answers
France's historical tradition viewed it as the primary heir to the Roman Empire.
France's historical tradition viewed it as the primary heir to the Roman Empire.
Signup and view all the answers
The exportation of revolutionary principles by France was seen as a limited endeavor, mainly affecting its neighboring provinces.
The exportation of revolutionary principles by France was seen as a limited endeavor, mainly affecting its neighboring provinces.
Signup and view all the answers
The fall of the monarchy during the Revolution had no impact on the usage of cosmopolite.
The fall of the monarchy during the Revolution had no impact on the usage of cosmopolite.
Signup and view all the answers
The Bavarian State Library provided collections that were crucial for understanding the German states' perspective during the Revolution.
The Bavarian State Library provided collections that were crucial for understanding the German states' perspective during the Revolution.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Conceptual History of Cosmopolitanism, Internationalism, and Europe
- Aim: Analyze long-term discursive and conceptual constructions of cosmopolitanism, internationalism, Europe, and related concepts in European history since the 18th century.
- Focus: Variety of meanings of "international" and related concepts in diverse contexts. Concepts are complex, integrating meanings from different periods and fields, unlike simple words.
- Historical Contexts & Recycling: Present-day public discourse on international activities recycles historical connotations, both positive and negative.
- Method: Analyze historical trajectories of concepts beyond nation-states, their use in politicized arguments, and resulting meanings. Use of prominent texts and everyday political debates to reconstruct understandings of political, cultural, and economic phenomena beyond nation-states.
- Book Focus: Not on the history of international relations' agents, events, or institutions, nor on scholarly debates, but on everyday discourses.
- Approach: Analyze how past actors (politicians, intellectuals, etc.) talked about "international" and related terms, rather than defining them.
- Distinguishing Feature: Conceptual history avoids relying on existing studies of international practices; instead, it emphasizes a systematic analysis of historical language use across a vast corpus of sources.
Waves of Internationalism
- Influences on Conceptual History: Inspired by early feminism and various women's rights movements.
- 19th Century: Rise of specialized international organizations strengthening nation-state roles.
- 20th Century: Characterized by both internationalism and nationalism, total wars, and genocide.
- Post-World War I: League of Nations created, new nations join the international stage. Initial optimism (revisionist socialists, some non-socialists) faltered with rising nationalism in the 1930s and the 1929 global economic crisis.
- Post-World War II: Marked by superpower rivalry, decolonization, and many new nations. Internationalism often subordinated to nation-state interests.
- Internationalism Developments: Analysis of language use (distant and close reading) reveals a renewed internationalism during the interwar period, followed by a delay due to World War II.
- Evidence: British, Dutch, and Swedish parliamentary records show increasing use of "international" until the 1980s, with a significant rise since the 1960s (corroborated by Google Books Ngram Viewer in English, French, and German).
Cosmopolitanism and European Community
- Early Cosmopolitanism Idea: 18th-century cosmopolitanism not generally conceptualized as an ideal. However, cosmopolitan practices were embraced by European elites.
- Saint-Pierre's "Projet de paix perpétuelle": Suggests a European community in terms of political/strategic alliance, common fatherland, and republic of peace, with a universalist but Eurocentric ideal focused on peace and trade, with a focus on a limited community. This reflects liberal aristocracy's views on absolutism and an exclusive notion of cosmopolitanism.
- Enlightenment Era: Cosmopolitanism emerged as a distinct political idea among elites, rooted in the Republic of Letters and its networks.
French Revolution and Cosmopolitanism
- French Universalism: Rooted in France's perceived historical role, Enlightenment thought, and the Revolution's promise to recover rights for all. The mission became secular and targeted monarchies.
- Export of Revolution: France aimed to be the model for "humanity," exporting its values and potentially seeking to expand its influence globally, possibly by force.
- Ambivalences of Cosmopolitanism: The concept evolved from a more neutral to a more radical sense of "culte cosmopolite" aiming for republican universalism, but quickly became ambivalent through war and terror, implying both exclusion and liberation as a consequence.
- "Cosmopolite" and "Foreigner": By 1793, "cosmopolite" was increasingly associated with foreigners and conspiracies against the French Republic
Source Materials
-
French Revolution Debates: Archives parlementaires, digitized for 1789-1794.
-
British and Dutch Discourses: Digitized legislative records and databases.
-
German Sources: Digitized Bavarian newspapers and journals.
-
Note: This summary only covers the key themes and concepts; it does not include details about specific figures, events, or theories discussed in the text.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the historical constructions of cosmopolitanism, internationalism, and Europe from the 18th century onwards. This quiz analyzes the variety of meanings associated with 'international' and how these concepts have evolved and been recycled in contemporary discourse. Engage with key texts and debates that illuminate the complexities of these political, cultural, and economic ideas.
