37 Questions
What is the basis for man's work week of six days according to the text?
God's work week of six days
How are the divine 'days' in the text to be interpreted?
Literal days
Why did the creation take six days?
To provide an example for man's obedience
What did Jesus say about the Sabbath, according to the text?
"The sabbath was made for man" (Mark 2:27)
According to biblical creationist cosmogony, how did God create the cosmos?
Ex nihilo
What does the law of mass/energy conservation in science align with?
The concept of a completed, eternally conserved creation
According to the creation record in Genesis, how many distinct events of ex nihilo creation are mentioned?
Three
What does the conservation principle imply about basic types of material entities in the new heavens and new earth?
Preservation or reformation
How is the genetic design for each kind of animal maintained?
Without transmutation, replicating after its own kind
What does biblical creationist cosmogony assert about the relationship between God and the cosmos?
God is transcendent to the cosmos
What is the earth's relationship to other heavenly bodies?
It is distinct
What does the law of conservation of mass/energy imply about matter and energy in any phenomenon?
Preservation of the totality
According to scriptures, what is emphasized regarding the universe and its stars?
Preservation and permanence
What does the conservation principle imply about certain systems of matter and energy, substances, and plants?
They are specifically revealed in the Bible as existing forever
With respect to conscious life, what does the text assert about each category of created entity?
Must be conserved intact without basic change forever
What exists forever in principle even if an entire kind has become extinct?
The pattern or code for that kind
What does the conservation principle guarantee?
No created type of nephesh can evolve into another type
What does the Bible suggest about the re-establishment of land animals in the new earth?
Each kind of land animal may be re-established
Why are individual men and women preserved eternally according to the text?
Due to being created 'in the image of God,' requiring individual personality
What has God promised to restore when Christ returns, according to the text?
Both the physical body and biological life processes to a person in an incorruptible form
What is supported by the universal laws of thermodynamics according to the text?
The biblical testimony of special, fiat, completed, and conserved creation
What does the first law of thermodynamics, the law of conservation, contradict according to the text?
The evolutionist cosmogony, which purports a self-contained and self-sufficient universe
What does the second law of thermodynamics, the law of deterioration, contradict according to the text?
The evolutionist cosmogony, describing a universal principle of conservation and disintegration
What conclusion do the laws of thermodynamics yield according to the text?
The universe could not have created itself, and it must have been created or else it would have completely disintegrated
What do the laws of thermodynamics contradict?
The evolutionary cosmogony, as a closed system must proceed toward disintegration
What do the laws of thermodynamics apply to according to the text?
All systems of mass and energy observed and measured
What types of evolutionary cosmogony might be devised to overcome the laws of thermodynamics?
One makes use of nonobservable space, the other of nonobservable time
What were proposed to explain the origin and organization of the cosmos?
The steady state theory and big-bang theory
What does the big-bang theory suggest about the evolution of the cosmos?
It evolved in a brief period just before the present order, described by the laws of thermodynamics
What do evolutionary cosmogonies conflict with, according to the text?
The first and second laws of thermodynamics
Why was the steady state theory largely abandoned?
There was no real evidence for it
What was the perfect cosmological principle proposed by Hoyle and followers based on?
Metaphysical speculation to avoid the necessity of creation
Who eventually abandoned the steady state theory and tried to revise it before his death in 2001?
Sir Fred Hoyle
What is currently accepted as an evolutionary cosmogony but is being questioned by some astrophysicists?
The big-bang theory
What has been questioned by Jayant Narlikar and others as the main evidence for the big bang?
The 3ºK background radiation
What do some astronomers attempt to justify in order to account for the non-uniform structure of the universe?
A 'lumpy' big bang
What is hard to justify in the context of the primeval fireball of the big bang, according to the text?
The accumulation of matter in galaxies
Study Notes
Cosmogony Theories and Criticisms
- The steady state theory and big-bang theory were proposed to explain the origin and organization of the cosmos.
- The big-bang theory suggests that the cosmos evolved in a brief period just before the present order, described by the laws of thermodynamics.
- Evolutionary cosmogonies conflict with the first and second laws of thermodynamics, leading to a denial of the cosmic validity of these laws.
- Both cosmogonies lack unequivocal supporting evidence and encounter serious problems.
- The steady state theory has largely been abandoned, as there was no real evidence for it.
- The perfect cosmological principle, proposed by Hoyle and followers, was based on metaphysical speculation to avoid the necessity of creation.
- Sir Fred Hoyle eventually abandoned the steady state theory and tried to revise it before his death in 2001.
- The big-bang theory is currently accepted as an evolutionary cosmogony but is being questioned by some astrophysicists.
- The main evidence for the big bang, the 3ºK background radiation, has been questioned by Jayant Narlikar and others.
- Several problems with the big bang include the curving and orbiting motions of stars and galaxies, non-homogeneous background radiation, and the non-uniform structure of the universe.
- Some astronomers are attempting to justify a "lumpy" big bang to account for the non-uniform structure of the universe.
- The accumulation of matter in galaxies is hard to justify in the context of the primeval fireball of the big bang.
Test your knowledge of cosmogony theories and their criticisms with this quiz. Explore the steady state theory, big bang theory, and the perfect cosmological principle, while delving into the evidence and challenges associated with each theory.
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