Basal Ganglia

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Which cortical areas do not project to the corpus striatum?

Primary visual and primary auditory cortices

What are the heaviest projections to the corpus striatum from?

Association areas in the frontal and parietal lobes

What is the collective term for the projections from the cortex to the striatum?

Corticostriatal pathway

Which cortical areas primarily project to the caudate nucleus?

Multimodal association cortices and motor areas in the frontal lobe for eye movements Signup and view all the answers

What type of sensory information do association cortices process?

Multiple types, not just one Signup and view all the answers

Through which structure do the cortical inputs reach the caudate and putamen?

Internal capsule Signup and view all the answers

Which brain structure receives input from the primary and secondary somatic sensory cortices in the parietal lobe?

The putamen Signup and view all the answers

What does the fact that different cortical areas project to different regions of the striatum imply?

The corticostriatal pathway consists of multiple parallel pathways serving different functions. Signup and view all the answers

How are visual and somatic sensory cortical projections mapped within the putamen?

Topographically Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional implication of the segregation maintained in the structures that receive projections from the striatum?

The corpus striatum is functionally subdivided according to its inputs. Signup and view all the answers

Which cortical areas give rise to projections that overlap extensively in the striatum?

Cortical areas that are functionally interconnected at the level of the cortex. Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathways serve different functions within the corticostriatal pathway?

Multiple parallel pathways Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of medium spiny neurons in the basal ganglia complex.

Medium spiny neurons encode the decision to move toward a target, rather than just the direction and amplitude of the movement. Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclei receive inhibitory GABAergic projections from the caudate and putamen?

The internal division of the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the similarity in output functions between the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata.

Both nuclei have similar output functions. Signup and view all the answers

How do the striatal projections to the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata resemble the corticostriatal pathways?

They terminate in rostrocaudal bands. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant feature of the projections from medium spiny neurons to the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata?

The degree of their convergence onto pallidal and reticulata cells. Signup and view all the answers

How are the pars reticulata and the globus pallidus related developmentally?

Pars reticulata is part of the globus pallidus. Signup and view all the answers