Correlation in Statistics
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Questions and Answers

What is the major advantage of ANOVA?

  • It can only be used with an independent measure design
  • It can evaluate mean differences between two or more treatments (correct)
  • It tests specific differences among means
  • It is named after Sir Ronald Fisher

    • What are the factors in ANOVA often referred to as?

  • Repetitive variables
  • Categorical variables (correct)
  • Experimental variables
  • Specific variables

    • Why are ANOVAs sometimes called F-tests?

  • Because they compute a test statistic called F (correct)
  • Because they are named after Sir Ronald Fisher
  • Because they are only used with a repeated measure design
  • Because they are based on specific differences among means

    • What does the F statistic in ANOVA represent?

    <p>A ratio of variances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In factorial design ANOVA, what does Factor 1 represent?

    <p>Therapy technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can ANOVA be used to evaluate in a research study involving more than one factor?

    <p>Results from a research study involving more than one factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the alternative hypothesis (H1)?

    <p>To state that the treatment conditions are not all the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is homoscedasticity in statistical terms?

    <p>Equal variance within each population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the between-treatments variance measure?

    <p>Differences caused by systematic treatment effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the within-treatments variance provide a measure of?

    <p>Random, unsystematic differences between treatment conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall goal of ANOVA?

    <p>To interpret the differences between treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible explanation for the difference that exists between treatments?

    <p>Random, unsystematic differences caused by sampling error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the within-treatments variance measure?

    <p>Natural differences occurring when there is no treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important assumption shared by many parametric statistical methods?

    <p>Homogeneity of variance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the null hypothesis (H0) state?

    <p>The telephone condition has no effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does H1 state?

    <p>There is a real treatment effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Correlation measures the relationship between three variables.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A scatter plot helps visualize patterns or trends in data.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Correlation can only measure straight-line relationships.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The direction of the relationship in correlation can be positive or negative.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Correlation measures the consistency of the relationship between variables.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Correlation requires two scores for each individual, typically identified as X and Y.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A perfect correlation is always identified by a correlation of 1.00.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A correlation of 0 indicates a perfectly consistent relationship.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sign and the strength of a correlation are dependent on each other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pearson correlation coefficient is used with ranked or ordinal-scaled data.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A positive correlation means that individuals who score high on X also tend to score high on Y.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The value for SP is used to measure variability for a single variable.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pearson correlation measures the relationship between an individual’s location in the X distribution and his or her location in the Y distribution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two variables are known to be related in some systematic way, it is not possible to use one for prediction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pearson correlation can be used to measure the amount of covariability between two variables.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A negative correlation indicates that individuals with high X scores tend to have high Y scores.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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