Correlation and Linear Regression: Pearson Correlation Coefficient
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Questions and Answers

What is the range of the Pearson correlation coefficient?

  • -2 to 0
  • 0 to 2
  • -1 to 1 (correct)
  • 1 to 3

If points fall on a straight line with a negative slope, what value would the correlation coefficient have?

  • 1
  • 0
  • -1 (correct)
  • 2

What does a correlation of 0 indicate?

  • Strong linear relationship
  • Perfect negative correlation
  • Points are not linearly related (correct)
  • Perfect positive correlation

How does changing the units of measurement affect the correlation coefficient?

<p>It does not change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sample covariance defined as with respect to bivariate data?

<p>(xi - x)(yi - y) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elementary school where shoe size and reading level are measured, what kind of correlation is observed?

<p>Positive correlation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Age referred to as in the context of the text?

<p>Lurking variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should we only consider linear relationships in the context of linear regression?

<p>Variables with nonlinear relationships can sometimes be transformed to be linear. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lurking variable cause in the correlation between two variables?

<p>It causes a spurious correlation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of linear regression according to the text?

<p>To fit a straight line to the data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is referred to as the response in linear regression?

<p>Output variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are linear relationships preferred over nonlinear ones in certain cases?

<p>Nonlinear relationships can sometimes be closely approximated by linear relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the constants β0 and β1 represent in the equation of a straight line y = β1x + β0?

<p>β0 is the y-intercept and β1 is the slope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging to determine the 'best-fitting' line using visual inspection?

<p>Different people will perceive lines differently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the least squares line minimize in the context of regression analysis?

<p>Sum of squared deviations from the data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the estimated values of β0 and β1 calculated using the least square method?

<p>By minimizing the sum of squared errors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does yb represent in the context of a regression line with equation y = βb1x + βb0?

<p>Predicted value given an x-variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we use scatter diagrams before estimating β0 and β1 for regression analysis?

<p>To determine if a linear relationship exists between variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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