Corporate Social Responsibility & Manufacturing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following activities fall under the category of downstream activities?

  • Selling the product (correct)
  • Product Design
  • Planning and costing of each activity in the value chain
  • Research and Development
  • Which of the following is NOT a cost category for a manufacturing company?

  • Manufacturing Overhead
  • Direct Labor
  • Direct Materials
  • Marketing Expense (correct)
  • What does the Triple Bottom Line concept emphasize?

  • Focusing solely on customer satisfaction without regard for financial performance
  • Prioritizing environmental sustainability over economic growth
  • Maximizing profits at all costs
  • Balancing economic success with social responsibility and environmental sustainability (correct)
  • What is the primary difference in calculating Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) between merchandising and manufacturing companies?

    <p>Manufacturing companies include the cost of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead in the COGS calculation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

    <p>Promoting sustainable environmental practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these accounts is NOT part of a manufacturing company's inventory tracking system?

    <p>Cost of Goods Sold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are companies increasingly being chosen by customers and stockholders?

    <p>Based on their commitment to labor practices, community involvement, and environmental sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a CSR report?

    <p>To showcase a company's efforts in areas like labor practices and environmental sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Work-in-Process Inventory as it is completed and ready for sale?

    <p>It is transferred to Finished Goods Inventory. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT considered a period cost for a service company?

    <p>Direct Materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the example of PepsiCo, Inc.’s 2021 Annual Report, which of the following is a demonstration of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in their operations?

    <p>Providing a diverse workforce and donating to charitable causes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a product cost for a manufacturing company?

    <p>Sales commissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does managerial accounting support the Triple Bottom Line concept?

    <p>By helping to make decisions that balance economic, social, and environmental considerations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are period costs matched with revenue?

    <p>They are expensed in the same accounting period as the revenue they are associated with. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for tracking the flow of costs in a manufacturing company?

    <p>To calculate the amount of profit for the period. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A manufacturing company's beginning raw materials inventory is $10,000, and they purchased $25,000 worth of raw materials during the period. If the ending raw materials inventory is $8,000, what is the amount of raw materials used in production during the period?

    <p>$27,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would NOT be considered a period cost for a merchandising company?

    <p>Cost of purchasing merchandise for resale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key focus of managerial accounting in service and merchandising companies?

    <p>Developing new product designs and technologies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are inventory accounts considered assets on the balance sheet?

    <p>They are expected to generate future economic benefits for the company through sales. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the treatment of manufacturing overhead on the balance sheet?

    <p>Manufacturing overhead is not recorded on the balance sheet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in balance sheet classification between service companies and merchandising companies?

    <p>Merchandising companies carry inventory on their balance sheet, while service companies do not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is factory rent classified in a manufacturing company?

    <p>Either a period cost or a product cost, depending on the use of the space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of managerial accounting?

    <p>To help managers make informed decisions about the business. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a period cost?

    <p>Salaries of administrative staff (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system?

    <p>Streamlined operations and quicker response to market changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is most aligned with the principle of time-based competition?

    <p>Developing quick and responsive manufacturing and distribution processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of holding large amounts of inventory?

    <p>Potential for obsolete inventory and associated storage costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Just-in-Time (JIT) management contribute to a company's competitive advantage?

    <p>By minimizing production costs through efficient resource utilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a company focused on time-based competition?

    <p>A focus on delivering products quickly and efficiently to customers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of e-commerce in the context of time-based competition?

    <p>Increased product availability and convenience for customers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does managerial accounting support a company's competitive advantage in a global market?

    <p>By helping companies manage resources efficiently and make informed decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the implementation of JIT management impact the relationship between a company and its suppliers?

    <p>It fosters closer collaboration and communication between the company and its suppliers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit cost per service provided by Smart Touch Learning?

    <p>$2.00 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much did Smart Touch Learning pay for each tablet before manufacturing?

    <p>$349.23 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost savings per tablet when manufacturing instead of purchasing?

    <p>$49.23 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What formula is used to calculate the average unit cost per item sold?

    <p>Average Unit Cost = Total Cost of Items Sold ÷ Number of Items Sold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Smart Touch Learning provided 2,000 services instead of 1,950, what would be the new unit cost per service?

    <p>$1.95 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a dashboard in a business context?

    <p>To visualize data for answering various questions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What combination of knowledge is ideal for today's business employees?

    <p>Accounting and technology skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cloud-based services primarily benefit companies facing staffing shortages?

    <p>By allowing access to information technology resources remotely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk associated with the increasing use of cloud-based services?

    <p>Increased cybercrime and cyberfraud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

    <p>Continuous improvement of products and processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a focus area within Total Quality Management (TQM)?

    <p>Regulatory compliance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the value chain concept entail in a business?

    <p>All steps that add value to the end product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cultural aspect does Total Quality Management (TQM) aim to foster among employees?

    <p>Cooperation across all business processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of managerial accounting?

    <p>Offering insights for internal decision makers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is typically responsible for developing a company's strategic goals?

    <p>Board of directors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a CEO play in relation to the board of directors?

    <p>Providing a link between management and the board. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an organizational structure, what does the relationship between departments and divisions illustrate?

    <p>The managerial responsibilities within the company. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary responsibilities of division managers?

    <p>Controlling resource allocation and operational performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following positions is classified as a line position?

    <p>Sales Manager (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key activity that managers engage in using managerial accounting?

    <p>Planning and directing business strategies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of management is primarily responsible for the day-to-day decision making in a company?

    <p>Department Supervisors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is part of the upstream phase in the value chain?

    <p>Product design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Triple Bottom Line concept encourage companies to balance?

    <p>Financial success, social responsibility, and environmental sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents an aspect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

    <p>Sustainable environmental practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does managerial accounting assist businesses in the value chain?

    <p>By planning and costing each activity to improve overall value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason for customers and stockholders to prefer certain companies?

    <p>Labor practices and sustainable practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do CSR reports commonly include?

    <p>Information on company CSR efforts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the role of managerial accounting in service companies?

    <p>It aids in planning, directing, and controlling operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company’s commitment to community service is an example of which aspect of business responsibility?

    <p>Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key technical skill that managerial accountants must possess?

    <p>Financial planning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a nontechnical skill essential for managerial accountants?

    <p>Critical thinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the IMA's ethical standards, which action is NOT recommended when resolving ethical dilemmas?

    <p>Ignore the organizational policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of company primarily resells products they have purchased from suppliers?

    <p>Merchandising companies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes 'soft' skills needed by managerial accountants?

    <p>Effective oral communication and leadership (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental ethical principle involves the confidentiality of information for managerial accountants?

    <p>Confidentiality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which managerial accountant skill primarily assists in enhancing decision-making in the context of economic changes?

    <p>Business acumen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary responsibilities of managerial accountants in relation to company management?

    <p>Advising on financial decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is classified as Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for a merchandising company?

    <p>Cost of purchasing merchandise for resale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cost includes selling and administrative expenses?

    <p>Period Costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inventory do merchandising companies carry on their balance sheet?

    <p>Merchandise inventory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the difference between service and merchandising companies?

    <p>Service companies sell their time, skills, and knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cost is classified as a product cost in a manufacturing company?

    <p>Manufacturing overhead for factory rent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classification applies when rent is paid for a corporate office in a manufacturing company?

    <p>Period cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost of goods manufactured for Smart Touch Learning after considering the Work-in-Process Inventory?

    <p>$660,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is included in the calculation of Total Manufacturing Costs?

    <p>Direct Labor Used (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What amount is reported for Direct Materials Used in the cost calculations?

    <p>$355,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much is the Total Manufacturing Overhead incurred in the production process?

    <p>$83,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to compute the Cost of Goods Manufactured?

    <p>Total Manufacturing Costs + Beginning Work-in-Process Inventory - Ending Work-in-Process Inventory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inventory costs remain on the balance sheet until production is completed?

    <p>Work-in-Process Inventory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT included in Total Manufacturing Costs?

    <p>Cost of Goods Sold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of calculating Cost of Goods Manufactured?

    <p>To aid in determining Cost of Goods Sold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total manufacturing costs to account for Smart Touch Learning?

    <p>$687,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the unit product cost in Smart Touch Learning?

    <p>Unit Product Cost = Cost of Goods Manufactured ÷ Units produced (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) calculated at Smart Touch Learning?

    <p>COGS = Units sold x Unit Product Cost (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) for Smart Touch Learning based on the information provided?

    <p>$660,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor must Smart Touch Learning consider in addition to the unit product cost when determining their sales price?

    <p>Period costs like selling and administrative expenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the formula 'Beginning Balance + Additions - Ending Balance = Amount Used' help determine?

    <p>The flow of product costs through inventory accounts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Smart Touch Learning produces 2,200 tablets, what is the unit product cost?

    <p>$300 per tablet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much is the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for Smart Touch Learning when 2,000 tablets are sold?

    <p>$600,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the unit product cost calculation for Smart Touch Learning?

    <p>Cost of Goods Sold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

    Expense reported on the income statement representing the cost of products sold during a period.

    Product Costs

    Costs directly tied to manufacturing or purchasing goods for resale, such as materials and labor.

    Period Costs

    Costs not directly tied to production, incurred within a specific time period, and expensed as incurred.

    Merchandising Company Costs

    Costs incurred to purchase goods for resale, recorded as inventory on the balance sheet.

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    Service Company Costs

    Costs incurred by companies that sell services, which do not include inventory.

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    Manufacturing Overhead

    Indirect manufacturing costs that cannot be traced to specific products, such as rent for factory space.

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    Rent Classification

    Depends on the type of company: corporate office rent is a period cost, factory rent is a product cost.

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    Balance Sheet Differences

    Service companies have no inventory; merchandising companies record inventory as an asset on their balance sheet.

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    Raw Materials Inventory

    The inventory account tracking materials used in production.

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    Work-in-Process Inventory

    Items that are in production but not yet finished goods.

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    Finished Goods Inventory

    Completed products ready for sale to customers.

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    Service Companies

    Companies that provide services rather than physical products.

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    Merchandising Companies

    Businesses that buy products to sell to customers.

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    Flow of Costs in Manufacturing

    Process of tracking costs from raw materials to finished goods.

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    Cost of Goods Manufactured

    Total production cost of goods completed during a period.

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    Delivery of Goods

    The process of transporting goods to customers in various geographic areas.

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    Competitive Advantage

    An edge gained by companies through efficient resource management and informed decision-making.

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    Time-Based Competition

    A strategy focusing on managing time effectively to gain competitive advantage in manufacturing and distribution.

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    Advanced Information Systems

    Technology like ERP systems that integrates various functions for better operational efficiency.

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    E-commerce

    Buying and selling goods online, allowing businesses to operate globally at all times.

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    Just-in-Time (JIT) Management

    A production strategy that reduces inventory costs by producing goods as needed.

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    ERP Systems

    Integrated systems that streamline operations across departments to enhance responsiveness.

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    Time-Saving Responses

    Strategies developed by companies to optimize time for better market response.

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    Upstream Activities

    Activities that occur before production, such as R&D and product design.

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    Downstream Activities

    Activities that occur after production, including selling and delivery of the product.

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    Managerial Accounting

    A tool that assists in planning and costing within the value chain.

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    Triple Bottom Line

    Measures success through profits, people, and the planet.

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    Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

    A company's commitment to ethical practices beyond profit-making.

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    CSR Reports

    Documents companies use to showcase their CSR efforts.

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    Customer Preferences & CSR

    Increasing preference by customers for companies with good CSR practices.

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    Managerial Accounting in Service Companies

    Used in all business types for planning and controlling operations.

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    Dashboard

    A visual display of data used to answer questions.

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    Ideal Business Employee

    An employee knowledgeable in both accounting and technology skills.

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    Cloud-Based Services

    IT resources provided over the Internet, accessible from any location.

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    Importance of Cloud-Based Services

    Essential for companies facing staffing shortages and remote work demands.

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    Risks of Cloud-Based Services

    Increased threats like cyberterrorism, cybercrime, and cyberfraud.

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    Risk Management

    Steps taken by companies to reduce network risks from increased cloud use.

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    Total Quality Management (TQM)

    A philosophy focused on continuous improvement of products and processes.

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    Value Chain

    All steps adding value to the end product, upstream and downstream.

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    Unit Cost per Service

    Cost calculation for each service provided.

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    Formula for Unit Cost per Service

    Unit Cost per Service = Total Operating Costs ÷ Number of Services Provided.

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    Unit Cost per Service Example

    Using given values, the unit cost was $2.00.

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    Average Unit Cost per Item

    Cost per item based on total expenses and sold items.

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    Cost Savings from Manufacturing

    Difference in cost when manufacturing vs. purchasing.

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    Managerial Accounting Role

    Assists in planning and costing within the value chain.

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    Customer and Stockholder Preferences

    Growing tendency to support companies with good CSR practices.

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    Managerial Accounting in Non-Manufacturing

    Used in all businesses for planning and controlling operations.

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    Direct Materials

    Raw materials directly used in manufacturing products.

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    Direct Labor

    Wages paid to workers directly involved in manufacturing.

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    Selling Expenses

    Costs incurred to sell products, including commissions and utilities.

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    Merchandise Inventory

    The asset where the cost of purchased goods for resale is recorded.

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    Net Income

    Total revenue minus total expenses, including taxes.

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    Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM)

    The total cost to produce goods completed in a period.

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    Unit Product Cost

    Cost of producing one unit calculated from COGM.

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    Inventory Accounts

    Accounts tracking products at different production stages: raw, WIP, finished.

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    Flow of Product Costs

    Tracking costs from raw materials to finished goods through various accounts.

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    Sales Price Determination

    Final price per product must cover product and period costs.

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    Financial vs. Managerial Accounting

    Financial accounting reports external information; managerial reports internal data.

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    Role of Managers

    Managers use managerial accounting to plan, direct, control, and make decisions.

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    Board of Directors

    Elected group responsible for strategic goals of a corporation.

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    Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

    The CEO develops plans and oversees their implementation.

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    Organizational Chart

    Visual representation showing relationships and responsibilities in a company.

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    Line Positions

    Positions directly involved in providing goods or services to customers.

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    Decision-Making

    Managerial accounting helps in making informed business decisions.

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    Managerial Accountant Skills

    Skills required for effective managerial accounting, including both technical and soft skills.

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    Technical Skills in CMA

    Essential skills for CMAs include financial planning, performance analysis, and analytics.

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    Nontechnical Skills in CMA

    Soft skills required for managerial accountants, like communication and critical thinking.

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    Ethical Standards for Accountants

    Guidelines set by the IMA for ethical behavior in managerial accounting.

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    Resolving Ethical Dilemmas

    Steps recommended by the IMA when facing ethical challenges in accounting.

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    Types of Businesses

    Businesses categorized as service, merchandising, or manufacturing based on operations.

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    Work-in-Process Inventory Costs

    Costs associated with products that are in production but not yet completed.

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    Direct Materials Used

    Cost of raw materials that have been consumed in the production process.

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    Total Manufacturing Costs

    Sum of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.

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    Total Manufacturing Costs to Account For

    The total costs including the beginning work-in-process inventory.

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    Ending Work-in-Process Inventory

    The value of partially completed goods at the end of a period.

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    Formula for Direct Materials Used

    Direct Materials Used = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory.

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