Corpora in Linguistics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of a general corpus?

  • It is limited to a specific time frame.
  • It is designed to investigate a particular type of language.
  • It includes texts from different languages.
  • It represents language in its broadest sense. (correct)

What is the purpose of a reference corpus?

  • To trace the development of a language over time.
  • To produce reference materials for language learning. (correct)
  • To analyze the language of a specific social setting.
  • To investigate a particular type of language.

What is the main difference between a general corpus and a specialized corpus?

  • The type of texts included. (correct)
  • The size of the corpus.
  • The language of the texts.
  • The time frame of the texts.

What is the purpose of a diachronic corpus?

<p>To trace the development of a language over time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the corpus that includes informal registers of British English?

<p>CANCODE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many words does the BNC corpus contain?

<p>100 million words (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the corpus that includes spoken registers in a US academic setting?

<p>MICASE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a specialized corpus?

<p>It is designed with more specific research goals in mind. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Learner's Corpora?

<p>To identify differences among learners and native speakers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Comparable Corpora?

<p>They are designed along the same lines with the same proportions of texts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Parallel Corpora?

<p>To find potential equivalent expressions in each language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Corpus that contains 1.5 million words?

<p>Helsinki Corpus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Regional Corpora?

<p>To represent a regional variety of a language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the International Corpus of English (ICE)?

<p>It is a comparable corpus of different varieties of English (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE)?

<p>20,000 words (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can Comparable Corpora be used for?

<p>To compare different varieties of the same language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a general corpus?

Represents language in its broadest and most diverse form.

Reference corpus purpose?

Used to create reference materials that aid in language learning and teaching.

Difference: general vs. specialized corpus?

General corpora include a wide variety of texts, whereas specialized corpora focus on specific types.

Diachronic corpus: purpose?

Used to track how a language evolves and changes over a period of time.

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What is CANCODE?

Corpus containing informal registers of British English.

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BNC corpus size?

This corpus contains 100 million words

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What is MICASE?

Corpus including spoken registers in a US academic context.

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Specialized corpus characteristic?

Designed for particular research goals, focusing on specific language aspects.

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Purpose of Learner's Corpora?

To pinpoint the distinctions between language learners and native speakers.

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Comparable Corpora: characteristic?

They share the same design with identical text proportions for comparison.

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Purpose of Parallel Corpora?

Finding potential equivalent expressions across different languages.

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Helsinki Corpus size?

A corpus containing 1.5 million words

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Regional Corpora: purpose?

To represent a specific geographical variety of a language.

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ICE characteristic?

A comparable corpus of diverse English varieties from around the world.

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ICLE size?

The International Corpus of Learner English contains 20,000 words

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Comparable Corpora: used for?

To help compare different dialects of the same root language.

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Study Notes

Corpora

  • A corpus is a large, structured set of electronically stored texts used for statistical analysis, hypothesis testing, and linguistic rule validation.

Types of Corpora

  • General Corpora: Representative of language in its broadest sense, serving as a baseline for comparative studies of general linguistic features.
    • Examples: BROWN Corpus (1 million words), LOB Corpus (1 million words), BNC (British National Corpus, 100 million words)
  • Specialized Corpora: Designed with specific research goals in mind, focusing on a particular type of text, register, or language variety.
    • Examples: CANCODE (Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English, 5 million words), MICASE (Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English, 5 million words)
  • Historical or Diachronic Corpora: Texts from different time periods, aiming to represent a stage or stages of a language's development.
    • Example: Helsinki Corpus (700-1700 texts, 1.5 million words)
  • Regional Corpora: Representative of a regional variety of a language, such as dialects.
  • Learner's Corpora: Representative of language produced by learners, including spoken and written language samples from non-native speakers.
    • Examples: Louvain English Essays (LOCNEE) Corpus, International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE, 20,000 words)
  • Comparable Corpora: Two or more corpora in different languages or varieties of a language, designed along the same lines.
    • Example: International Corpus of English (ICE, 1 million words each of different varieties of English)
  • Parallel Corpora: Two or more corpora in different languages, each containing translated texts or simultaneously produced texts in multiple languages.
    • Used by translators and learners to identify equivalent expressions and investigate linguistic differences.

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